Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元测试卷-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第一册

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Unit4 Natural Disasters单元测试卷 考试时间：90分钟 总分：100分 班级： 姓名： 学号： 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Earthquakes are one of the most frightening natural disasters. They happen without warning and can cause great damage. When the ground starts shaking, it’s important to stay calm and know what to do. If you are indoors, stay there. Get under a strong table or desk and hold on until the shaking stops. Stay away from windows, glass, and heavy furniture that might fall. If you are outside, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines. After the earthquake, be careful of aftershocks and check for injuries. Knowing these simple rules can save your life. 1. Why are earthquakes considered frightening according to the passage? A. They only happen in certain countries. B. They can be predicted easily. C. They occur without warning and cause damage. D. They are always very small. 2. What should you do if you are indoors during an earthquake? A. Run outside immediately. B. Stand near a window to see what‘s happening. C. Get under a strong table and hold on. D. Try to hold heavy furniture to stop it from falling. 3. What is an “aftershock”？ A. A warning before the earthquake. B. A smaller earthquake that follows the main one. C. A sound the ground makes during an earthquake. D. A rescue team that arrives after the earthquake. B Typhoons, known as hurricanes in some parts of the world, are powerful storms that form over warm ocean waters. They bring strong winds, heavy rain, and can cause flooding and landslides. To prepare for a typhoon, people should store food, water, and medicines. They should also secure windows with boards and check their emergency kits. During the typhoon, it’s safest to stay indoors, away from windows. Listen to the radio or TV for updates from authorities. After the storm passes, be careful when going outside. Watch out for broken power lines and damaged roads. Staying informed and prepared is the key to safety. 4. Where do typhoons form? A. Over cold mountain areas. B. Over warm ocean waters. C. In dry deserts. D. In big cities. 5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to prepare for a typhoon? A. Storing food and water. B. Securing windows. C. Practicing evacuation drills. D. Checking an emergency kit. 6. What should you do after a typhoon? A. Go outside immediately to check the damage. B. Stay indoors until authorities say it’s safe. C. Ignore broken power lines. D. Travel on damaged roads to find help. C Not all natural disasters are sudden like earthquakes. Some, like droughts, happen slowly over time. A drought is a long period with little or no rain. It can cause crops to fail, rivers to dry up, and lead to a shortage of drinking water. Droughts affect millions of people around the world, especially farmers. To deal with droughts, people can collect rainwater, use water more efficiently, and plant crops that need less water. Scientists are also studying ways to predict droughts so that communities can prepare earlier. While we cannot stop droughts, we can learn to live with them and reduce their impact. 7. What is the main characteristic of a drought? A. It happens very suddenly. B. It involves strong winds. C. It is a long period with little rain. D. It always causes earthquakes. 8. Who is most affected by droughts according to the passage? A. City office workers. B. Scientists. C. Farmers. D. Teachers. 9. What is one way to deal with droughts? A. Build taller buildings. B. Use water less efficiently. C. Collect rainwater. D. Stop all farming. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 What should you put in an emergency kit? An emergency kit is a collection of basic items you may need during or after a disaster. ___10___ Here are the most important things to include. First, you need water and food. ___11___ Include canned food and a manual can opener. Second, prepare a first-aid kit. It should have bandages, medicine, and antiseptic wipes. ___12___ Third, include important tools. A flashlight, a radio (battery-powered or hand-crank), and extra batteries are very useful, especially if the power goes out. ___13___ Fourth, don’t forget personal items. Keep copies of important documents (like IDs), some cash, and warm clothes in your kit. ___14___ Remember to check your kit every six months and replace expired items. A. Store at least one gallon of water per person per day for three days. B. A whistle can also be helpful to signal for help. C. It should be easy to carry and stored in a place everyone knows. D. You should also have any prescription medicine you need regularly. E. You should also prepare a map of your local area. 第二部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I will never forget the day the flood hit our town. It had been raining ___15___ for a week. The river behind our house was rising, but no one expected what happened next. Early that morning, my father woke me up. His voice was ___16___. “Get up! The water is coming into the street!” I looked out the window and couldn’t believe my ___17___. The street had turned into a brown river. Water was already at our front door. We acted quickly. My parents had prepared a small emergency ___18___ with food, water, and important papers. We put on warm clothes and ___19___ to the second floor, carrying our kit. From the window, we saw our neighbors doing the ___20___ thing. Everyone was helping each other. The water kept ___21___. It was scary to watch it cover our garden, then reach the first-floor windows. My little sister was crying, and I tried to ___22___ her by telling stories. My father listened to the battery-powered radio for news. The ___23___ said rescue teams were on the way. After several long hours, we heard the sound of a boat. A rescue team had arrived! They helped us into the boat carefully. As we moved through the flooded streets, I saw the ___24___ of the flood. Cars were under water, and trees had fallen. But I also saw kindness—people in boats ___25___ food to those still trapped. We were taken to a temporary shelter in a school gym. Volunteers gave us dry clothes and hot meals. We were ___26___, but safe. That night, lying on a camp bed, I thought about our home. I felt sad, but also ___27___. We had lost things, but we had each other. The flood taught me many lessons. I learned that nature is ___28___ and we must respect it. I learned the importance of being ___29___. Most of all, I learned about the strength of community. In times of ___30___, people came together to help strangers. It took months to clean and repair our house. Life slowly returned to ___31___. Now, our family is better prepared. We have a full emergency kit and a family disaster plan. We know which ___32___ to go to if we need to evacuate. This experience changed how I see the world. I don’t take safety for ___33___ anymore. I also want to help others. Next semester, I plan to ___34___ a community first-aid training course. When the next disaster comes, I want to be part of the solution. 15. A. heavily B. softly C. rarely D. suddenly 16. A. calm B. tired C. urgent D. bored 17. A. ears B. eyes C. ideas D. luck 18. A. kit B. book C. car D. box 19. A. jumped B. fell C. moved D. pointed 20. A. same B. wrong C. easy D. different 21. A. rising B. falling C. clearing D. flowing 22. A. punish B. ignore C. comfort D. wake 23. A. reporter B. teacher C. neighbor D. announcer 24. A. beauty B. cause C. damage D. benefit 25. A. selling B. cooking C. delivering D. eating 26. A. angry B. hungry C. excited D. wealthy 27. A. hopeless B. grateful C. lonely D. bored 28. A. weak B. peaceful C. powerful D. simple 29. A. prepared B. relaxed C. surprised D. quiet 30. A. happiness B. trouble C. celebration D. peace 31. A. normal B. danger C. silence D. confusion 32. A. room B. shelter C. shop D. park 33. A. fun B. granted C. easy D. hard 34. A. avoid B. fail C. join D. teach 第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A forest fire ___35___ (be) a terrible natural disaster that can spread quickly. Last summer, a big fire broke out in a forest near our city. The sky turned orange, and the air became ___36___ (smoke). Many firefighters worked day and night ___37___ (control) the fire. They were real heroes. Volunteers also helped by bringing food and water to the firefighters. Forest fires can ___38___ (start) by lightning or by human carelessness, like a campfire that isn’t put out ___39___ (proper). To prevent fires, we should never throw cigarette ends in dry grass and should always make sure campfires are completely out before ___40___ (leave). If you see a forest fire, report it ___41___ (immediate) by calling the emergency number. Do not try to put it out yourself ___42___ it is very small and you have a fire extinguisher. Your safety is the ___43___ (important) thing. After a fire, it takes many years for the forest to grow back. We must all do our part ___44___ (protect) our forests. 第三部分：写作（共两节，满分15分） 第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 Natural disasters can strike at anytime. It is important to know what to do when they happen. For example, during a earthquake, you should drop to the ground and cover your head. If you are in an tsunami risk area, move to higher ground immediate when you feel a strong shake. Never return to the beach to watch the wave. To prepare for disasters, every family should has an emergency kit. The kit should include water, food, a flashlight, and a first-aid kits. Practice your family disaster plan regular. Remember, being prepare can save your life. 第二节：书面表达（满分5分） 假设你是学校安全委员会成员李华，请你用英语写一则简单的通知，提醒同学们为应对地震做好准备。通知需包括： 1. 地震发生的不可预测性； 2. 两点具体的准备建议（如准备应急包、制定家庭计划）； 3. 鼓励大家认真学习安全知识。 注意：词数50左右。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit4 Natural Disasters单元测试卷（答案） 第一部分：阅读理解 第一节 1. C (They occur without warning and cause damage.) 2. C (Get under a strong table and hold on.) 3. B (A smaller earthquake that follows the main one.) 4. B (Over warm ocean waters.) 5. C (Practicing evacuation drills.) 6. B (Stay indoors until authorities say it‘s safe.) 7. C (It is a long period with little rain.) 8. C (Farmers.) 9. C (Collect rainwater.) 第二节 10. C (It should be easy to carry and stored in a place everyone knows.) 11. A (Store at least one gallon of water per person per day for three days.) 12. D (You should also have any prescription medicine you need regularly.) 13. B (A whistle can also be helpful to signal for help.) 14. E (You should also prepare a map of your local area.) 第二部分：语言知识运用 第一节：完形填空 15. A (heavily) 16. C (urgent) 17. B (eyes) 18. A (kit) 19. C (moved) 20. A (same) 21. A (rising) 22. C (comfort) 23. D (announcer) 24. C (damage) 25. C (delivering) 26. B (hungry) 27. B (grateful) 28. C (powerful) 29. A (prepared) 30. B (trouble) 31. A (normal) 32. B (shelter) 33. B (granted) 34. C (join) 第二节：语法填空 35. is 36. smoky 37. to control 38. be started 39. properly 40. leaving 41. immediately 42. unless 43. most important 44. to protect 第三部分：写作 第一节：短文改错(共10处，每题1分) 1. anytime → any time: “在任何时候”作为副词短语，通常写作两个词“any time”。 2. a → an: 冠词错误，`earthquake`以元音音素开头，前用`an`。 3. an → a: 冠词错误，`tsunami`以辅音音素/t/开头，前用`a`。 4. immediate → immediately: 词性错误，修饰动词`move`需用副词。 5. shake → shaking: 用词不当，表示地震的“震动”常用`shaking`。 6. wave → waves: 名词单复数错误，海啸会产生多个“波浪”，应用复数。 7. has → have: 语法错误，情态动词`should`后接动词原形。 8. kits → kit: 名词单复数错误，`first-aid kit`作为一个整体概念，通常用单数。 9. regular → regularly: 词性错误，修饰动词`Practice`需用副词。 10. prepare → prepared: 固定搭配错误，`be prepared` 意为“做好准备”。 第二节：书面表达（参考范文，满分5分） Notice Earthquakes can happen suddenly without warning. To keep safe, every student should be prepared. First, help your family prepare an emergency kit with water, food, and a flashlight. Second, make a family plan on where to meet after an earthquake. Let’s learn about earthquake safety seriously. Being prepared makes a difference. School Safety Committee Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $