精品解析：辽宁沈阳市回民中学2025-2026学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

""

沈阳市回民中学2028届高一下学期期末考试 英语 试卷满分：150分 时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the woman like the song best? A. It was written by her family member. B. It brings back happy memories for her. C. It matches the atmosphere of the beach. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a hotel. B. At the woman’s place. C. At the cleaner’s. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A new camera. B. A landscape painter. C. A photography show. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman suggest the boy do with the money? A. Set aside part of it. B. Give it to his parents. C. Buy a pair of headphones. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man appreciate most about Jason? A. His talent. B. His work attitude. C. His teamwork spirit. 第一节（共15小题：每题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Why is Xuan paper expensive in the man’s opinion? A. It is only produced in small quantities. B. It is handmade with specific materials. C. It is difficult to transport over long distances. 7. What does the woman want to do? A. Paint on Xuan paper. B. Learn Chinese calligraphy. C. Visit a paper-making factory. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Where did the man’s son celebrate his 7th birthday? A. At a restaurant. B. At a local park. C. At a movie theater. 9. What activity does the woman recommend after having a picnic? A. Flying kites. B. Picking fruits. C. Going bird-watching. 10. Which of the following may interest the man’s son? A. A trip to the zoo. B. A book about plants. C. A treasure hunt game. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What makes honey slightly different in nutrition according to Dr. Green? A. The harvest time. B. The processing method. C. The types of flowers used. 12. How much honey should a person eat daily to get noticeable health benefits? A. About 30 grams. B. About 60 grams. C. About 80 grams. 13. What advice does Dr. Green give in the end? A. Storing honey in a cool place. B. Choosing naturally sweet foods. C. Replacing sugar with honey. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What catches the speakers’ attention at first? A. A black bear. B. The sunshine. C. An endangered tree. 15. How tall is Yosemite Falls? A. 1,169 feet tall. B. 2,425 feet tall. C. 3,000 feet tall. 16. What does the woman say about Half Dome? A. It is shaped like a half circle. B. It is shorter than El Capitán. C. It is the world’s oldest rock formation. 17. What do the speakers agree to do in the park next time? A. Climb rocks. B. Go camping. C. Hike in the mountains. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What do the experiments show about a wearable robotic hand? A. It can improve piano skills. B. It can help with medical recovery. C. It can assist in virtual reality gaming. 19. Why did Shinichi Furuya change his career? A. He wanted to win more respect. B. He had a hand movement disorder. C. He lost interest in playing the piano. 20. What was the colleague’s attitude towards Shinichi Furuya’s idea? A. Opposed. B. Uncertain. C. Approving. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Must-see Museums for Students in New York City (NYC) Whether you’re looking for great ideas or longing for some wonderful experiences, this guide features NYC museums that express the city’s creative spirit and help you grow as a student. American Museum of Natural History It brings science to life through big shows and interesting experiences. You’ll find everything from dinosaur bones to space exploration. Its hands-on way of learning makes it especially useful for students studying innovation (革新). Top tips: New York State residents, including students, can buy pay-as-you-wish tickets online. Museum of Modern Art It is the home of big ideas and new ways of thinking. It houses some of the works that have most changed how the world thinks about art. The museum shows how innovation spreads through both culture and industries. Top tips: Students with a valid (有效的) ID get discount tickets at $17. New York State residents can get free access on Friday nights from 5:30 to 8:30 p.m. The Whitney Museum of American Art It celebrates American art, with a strong focus on living artists. Its shows explore topics like identity, politics, technology and social change. Many works reflect modern life, making the museum a great space for students who want to study cultural trends (趋势). Top tips: Anyone under 25 can visit for free every day with a valid ID. Free Friday Nights make the museum come alive from 5 to 10 p.m. with music, drinks and great views of the city. Brooklyn Museum It has a lot of art from around the world, from old Egyptian objects to new artworks exploring social fairness. Its shows ask students to think and learn about different cultures. Top tips: Students get reduced-price tickets with ID. The museum also offers a weekly pop up market and free First Saturdays events with art, talks, drinks and dancing. 21. Which museum is the most suitable for students who prefer learning by doing? A. Brooklyn Museum. B. American Museum of Natural History. C. Museum of Modern Art. D. The Whitney Museum of American Art. 22. What do we know about the Museum of Modern Art? A. It values creative thinking. B. It has the largest collection of works. C. Its ticket price for New Yorkers is $17. D. It’s free for students on Friday nights. 23. What do the last two museums have in common? A. They focus on modern American art. B. They show artworks about technology. C. They host free events with drinks. D. They offer pay-what-you-wish tickets. B The cover of a serious science magazine recently caught everyone’s attention in a special way. It showed how trees communicate through an “internet of trees” made of fungal threads (菌丝) in the soil. But instead of looking like a regular science diagram, the image appeared as a beautiful Chinese silk embroidery (刺绣), with golden threads connecting the roots in an elegant pattern. This creative idea came from Dr. Elena. When she was still a university student, she often found it hard to explain complex plant relationships to people who weren’t experts. Scientific terms and complicated charts made it difficult for many to understand. One day, she remembered her childhood: her grandmother teaching her embroidery. She recalled how colorful threads wove together on fabric (布料), eventually forming beautiful patterns. It reminded her of the hidden connections between plants. “That’s it!” she suddenly realized. Inspired, she picked up her sketchbook and started creating. She drew seed spreading processes as delicate paper art, with seeds floating across the sky like tiny white sculptures. She gave a description of how plants send signals to each other using patterns similar to those found in textiles. At first, this was just her personal way to organize her thoughts, but other scientists saw her work and loved it. Over five years, her team created more than 800 of these scientific illustrations, with many featured in world-famous science magazines. “Science doesn’t need to feel cold and emotionless to be correct,” Elena said, pointing to her latest work. This painting shows how plants use sunlight to create energy as a colorful traditional woven artwork. “When we combine cultural heritage with scientific truth, we can build a bridge that helps everyone understand knowledge.” 24. Why did Dr. Elena start creating her scientific illustrations? A. To prove her scientific discoveries. B. To explain plant science clearly. C. To replace traditional diagrams. D. To show science can be incorrect. 25. What was the direct inspiration for Dr. Elena’s unique way of scientific drawings? A. A childhood memory of learning embroidery. B. The complex charts in science textbooks. C. The advice from her university professors. D. Her research on traditional Chinese art forms. 26. The reaction of other scientists to Dr. Elena’s work suggests that they _________. A. were initially skeptical about its value B. viewed it merely as decorative art C. considered it an oversimplification D. valued her creative approach 27. According to the passage, what is the key message Dr. Elena wants to convey? A. Science and culture should be separate. B. Digital tools are best for science art. C. Culture can bridge science and the public. D. Traditional science diagrams are useless. C It’s a classic complaint in relationships, especially romantic ones: “She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related? ” The answer is YES. Communication is more than words. It’s how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word. It’s multi-dimensional, as explored by Deirdre Wilson and Dan Sperber in Meaning and Relevance. Consider the following example: Peter got angry and Mary left; Mary left and Peter got angry. Though identical in words, their meanings differ completely. The first one may have us thinking: Wow, Peter must get angry often if Mary leaves. The second sentence suggests that Peter wants more from Mary. Same words — a totally different context. Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. ” Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken. . Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying “ironically” that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language’s efficiency. Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning. 28. What does the complaint in Paragraph 1 mainly indicate? A. The inconsistence between words and meaning. B. The importance of remembering vital moments. C. The necessity of straightforward communication. D. The unavoidability of argument in a couple's life. 29. What may make human language different from true codes? A. The context included in understanding meanings. B. The definitions made by words in communication. C. The coded communication between emitter and receiver. D. The one-to-one relationship between word and meaning. 30. How does Mary’s statement “That was fun” illustrate about irony? A. It simplifies language to save time. B. It covers the true feelings of people. C. It needs wordy explanations to make sense. D. It uses fewer words for complex meanings. 31. What does the author suggest in communication? A. Focusing on the opposite. B. Taking language literally. C. Reading beyond the words. D. Avoiding using ironic tones. D Every time you crowd into a packed plane, you might wonder if you will catch something from the person sitting next to you — or a few rows away. You’re not alone: researchers share that curiosity. Erica, associate professor at Northwestern University, and her colleagues tried to find out by testing face masks worn by passengers on flights to document what kinds of bugs they trapped. The team was also interested in the air circulating in hospitals and tested face masks worn by hospital staff. They collected 53 masks for analysis. They detected 407 total microbial (微生物) species from both the plane and hospital settings, with similar populations of bugs from each. The vast majority of these came from skin and are harmless, says Erica. She says most airborne microbes come from our skin, as we shed (使掉落) them everywhere we go. The kits that the team used were designed to collect DNA, so that meant the researchers primarily captured bacteria — not viruses, many of which have RNA as their genetic base (like influenza). Erica says that viruses likely make up a smaller proportion of microbes in the air than bacteria, since people shed more skin bacteria than virus particles. She notes that viruses tend to heavily depend on the right habitat in order to thrive, and once outside the body and away from cells that they can infect, they can become slightly less pernicious. The results of the study highlight the importance of developing better ways to monitor the air for disease-causing pathogens (病原体), including viruses, using sensing systems that could provide more real-time readings. “Imagine something like a gas alarm that, depending on the levels of microbes present, could automatically increase air-exchange rates or alert people to put on masks,” says Erica. Erica hopes people will remember that the air — even in tight places like a plane or hospital — may not be as full of disease-causing bacteria as we think. Still, if you are worried about getting sick, face masks are an effective way to protect yourself from pathogens, as well as protecting you from spreading bacteria to others if you are ill. 32. Why did Erica and her colleagues carry out the study? A. To compare bugs in different settings. B. To design a new air conditioning system. C. To explore infection risks in specific places. D. To prove that using face masks is ineffective. 33. How did the team collect data for their research? A. By examining DNA from skin samples. B. By tracking viruses spread among patients. C. By checking air quality inside the airplanes. D. By testing face masks from different groups. 34. What does the underlined word “pernicious” most probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Rare. B. Harmful. C. Visible. D. Stable. 35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Viruses are the main microbes in the air. B. Real-time air monitoring is now widely used. C. Shed skin spreads more bacteria than viruses. D. People needn’t overreact to the air in tight spaces. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles. ____36____ Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the earth can no longer sustain us? ____37____ The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment more friendly than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before. Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. ____38____ Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life. However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth — ever. ____39____ As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert, consisting of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. Although the two-year experiment was a failure, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. Anyway, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the globe. ____40____ A. Right now, it’s the only one we have. B. That definitely is a big step forward. C. Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images. D. Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take far better care of our own. E. Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but isn’t impossible, as proved by scientists. F. One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. G. Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in a small coastal town where hurricanes were a regular threat. My parents always taught me that even ____41____ actions could make a difference when disasters struck. One summer, a severe hurricane warning was issued. While others rushed to buy supplies, my father ____42____ our neighbors’ yards to help move container ____43____ indoors. I asked why he wasted time on such small things. He smiled, “These plants may seem ____44____, but to Mrs. Johnson, they’re memories of her late husband.” The storm hit hard that night. The next morning, our street was ____45____ with fallen branches. To my surprise, Mrs. Johnson came out with homemade cookies, ____46____ everyone who helped. Her gratitude taught me that kindness ____47____ even in a mess. Years later, I became a meteorologist (气象学家). During a conference, I shared this story to explain why we should ____48____ not just weather data, but also how people ____49____ to disasters. A colleague sighed, “Scientists often focus on big ____50____ but it’s the personal stories that inspire action.” Now, I always include “small action tips” in my reports, like ____51____ a tree or checking on elderly neighbors. These suggestions seem small, but they ____52____ a chain reaction of community care. After a recent flood, a photo went viral online: a child building a sandbag wall with the ____53____, “I learned this from a weather report!” Disasters are unavoidable, but human beings aren’t ____54____. When we combine scientific ____55____ with individual concern, we don’t just survive — we thrive. 41. A. accidental B. small C. urgent D. formal 42. A. designed B. researched C. ignored D. entered 43. A. plants B. animals C. residents D. carpets 44. A. artificial B. expensive C. ordinary D. weak 45. A. equipped B. covered C. compared D. decorated 46. A. appreciating B. interviewing C. praising D. educating 47. A. rejects B. balances C. disappears D. matters 48. A. forecast B. analyze C. publish D. memorize 49. A. adapt B. adopt C. respond D. adjust 50. A. numbers B. notice C. issues D. disasters 51. A. cutting B. studying C. marking D. planting 52. A. create B. resist C. break D. follow 53. A. brands B. words C. remarks D. warnings 54. A. generous B. cruel C. mighty D. helpless 55. A. ideas B. assumption C. knowledge D. predictions 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On March 22, just 10 minutes before a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class ____56____ (schedule) to begin, the lecture hall at Nanchang University was packed with over 100 people. More students continued to pour in, ____57____ (cause) Chen Li, the professor to give the lecture, to relocate the class to a larger place. Having taught the course for many years, Chen focuses on the history, melodies and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera. Chen’s teaching style, which combines traditional lecturing with live performances, ____58____ (set) her class apart. Often dressed in Jiangxi Opera costumes in her class, Chen transforms the classroom into a stage to build ____59____ (enthusiastic) in her students. Wearing traditional clothes, the students immerse themselves ____60____ (entire) in the world of Jiangxi Opera. “In my class, I urge them ____61____ (come) to the stage and experience the whole process for themselves,” Chen said. “As ____62____ active advocate of Jiangxi Opera, I need to think more about the future of the art form.” Zhou Xiaoli, who once performed in Chen’s class, found her interactive teaching method unique and ____63____ (engage) and has developed an interest in this art form. “I thought Jiangxi Opera boring and outdated before, ____64____ her class made me love it,” she said. Jiangxi Opera has deep historical roots. During the 1950s and 60s, it thrived in Leping City with more than 400 ancient stages, over 20 percent of ____65____ were well-preserved from the Ming and Qing dynasties. In 2018, Jiangxi Opera appeared on the Spring Festival Gala stage for the first time. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，参与了本市国际马拉松比赛的志愿者工作。应组委会邀请，你将在志愿者分享会上作简短发言。请用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. 赛事感人瞬间；2. 你的感悟。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow volunteers and friends, I’m Li Hua, a volunteer for the 2026 Marathon held in our city. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Frade and Jerry were close friends in the same class. They went to school together, played together, and walked home side by side every single day, sharing all the small joys of their school life. One day on their way home after school, they spotted a group of older boys throwing stones at the roadside public garden, breaking the small plants and littering the ground carelessly. Frade immediately lit up with excitement and pulled Jerry’s arm, saying, “Come on! Let’s go over and join them. It’s such fun to throw stones around!” But Jerry stepped back and refused firmly, “This is wrong. We shouldn’t damage public things or follow their silly tricks. Our parents are waiting for us at home for dinner, and I don’t want to make them worry about us.” “You are nothing but a coward, too scared to join us,” Frade shouted at him. Then he ran off quickly to the garden with the other boys, leaving Jerry alone. Jerry said nothing more, turned around and walked home quietly, putting the whole thing behind him. Soon enough, Frade told every boy in their class that Jerry was a coward. All the classmates laughed at Jerry rudely, looked down on him, and refused to play with him from that day on. Jerry felt sad and lonely, but he never got angry with Frade for his unfair words. He knew deep down that real courage is not rushing into foolish tricks to win praise, but standing by what is right, even when you are misunderstood and laughed at for no reason. The only thing a person should truly fear is doing something wrong. So he ignored the cold laughter, kept his own pace, went to school and studied hard as usual, never giving up his right beliefs. Frade never walked home with Jerry again. He stuck with his new friends, all of whom called Jerry a coward. Every day after school, they skipped going straight home, wandering by the river or hanging around elsewhere, fooling around and wasting their time without a care. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few days later, Frade was in trouble when bathing in the river with his new friends. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At that moment, Jerry happened to pass by. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话读两遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。Alice, why is this song your favorite? Every time I hear IT, i'm immediately transported to a time in the past. In those good old days, my family and I were walking along the beach singing this song together. Alice. why is this song your favorite? Every time I hear IT, i'm immediately transported to a time in the past. In those good old days, my family and I were walking along the beach singing this song together. Good afternoon, sir. Sorry to disturb you. Do you need me to clean your room now? Could you do IT an hour later? My son is still . sleeping. Good afternoon, sir. Sorry to disturb you. Do you need me to clean your room now? Could you do IT an hour later, my son is still . sleeping. sure. This exhibition is a total success. All the photos are so inspiring. Yes. miss Green documented many beautiful moments with her camera. I especially love the way the sunlight shown in that landscape shot. This exhibition is a total success. All the photos are so inspiring. Yes. miss Green documented many beautiful moments with her camera. I especially love the way the sunlight shown in that landscape shot. My grandparents gave me one hundred dollars as lucky money. I'm going to buy a pair of shoes and new headphones. Well, have you ever thought about saving some for unexpected needs? My grandparents gave me one hundred dollars as lucky money. I'm going to buy a pair of shoes and new headphones. Well, have you ever thought about saving some for unexpected needs? Jason is always a reliable player. Yeah, i've never seen anyone quite like him. He is incredibly talented, but what sets them apart is his attitude towards work. I've met many talented athletes, but few of them practice as hard as he does. Jason is always a reliable player. Yeah, i've never seen anyone quite like him. He is incredibly talented, but what sets them apart is his attitude towards work. I've made many talented athletes, but few of them practice as hard as he does. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白。读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。I bought some swan paper online, but its Prices sky high. It's worth every penny. Sandpaper is made from a specific type of tree bark and other natural materials. Even today, IT still remains typically hand made and requires incredible precision and skills from the workers. I see, you know a lot about tran paper. I ve . learned a chinese collection phy before, and shin paper is perfect for that. Oh, I can't wait to try at my chinese painting class. I bought some shaan paper online, but its Prices sky high. It's worth every penny, Shawn. Paper is made from a specific type of tree bark and other natural materials. Even today, IT still remains typically hand made and requires incredible precision and skills from the workers. I see you know a lot about tran paper. I ve . learned a chinese collection phy before, and tran paper is perfect for that. Oh, I can't wait to try at my chinese painting class. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。My sons eight birthday is coming last year. I take to the cinema any fresh ideas for this year? How about celebrating at a local park? Good idea. What can we do exactly? You can have a picnic there. Make sure there are some games or activities to keep everyone entertained after the meal. Like flying kites . sounds good. You could . also organize a nature treasure hunt with your son, create a checklist of tasks like finding certain leaves and feathers, spotting a butterfly or a bird's nest, then team up with your son, explore a path together and discover more about plants and animals along the way. That's interactive. My son loves this kind of game that involves small chAllenges and takes place in nature. My son's eight birthday coming last year, I took him to the cinema. Any fresh ideas for this year? How about celebrating at a local park? Good idea. What can we do exactly? You can have a picnic there. Make sure there are some games or activities to keep everyone entertained after the meal. Like flying kites . sounds good. You could . also organize a nature treasure hunt with your son, create a checklist of tasks like finding certain leads and feathers, spotted a butterfly or a bird's next, then team up with your son, explore a path together and discovering more about plants and animals along the way. That's interactive. My son loves this kind of game that involves small chAllenges and takes place in nature. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Today were joined by health expert Sarah Green to discuss a sweet topic, honey. Doctor Green, many people view honey as a healthier alternative to sugar. Is that wise? Thank you for having me. Well, I don't think that's a wise idea. Well, honey varies slightly in nutritional content depending on the flowers is made from. It's still high in sugar and calories. so eating too much china can contribute to weight gain. Are there any health benefits? Well, as honey is less processed, IT contains vital minerals and so on, but their quantities are very small. To make a big difference, people need to have around eighty grams of honey per day, but adults are suggested to have no more than thirty grams . of honey per day. Then IT doesn't make sense to eat honey . just for its nutrient. Exactly a little honey can add flavor and sweetness, but naturally sweet food like barriers, bananas, carrots or sweet potatoes are healthier choices. Today, we are joined by health expert Sarah Green to discuss a sweet topic, honey. Doctor Green, many people view honey as a healthier alternative to sugar. Is that wise? Thank you for having me. Well, I don't think that's a wise idea. Well, honey varies slightly in nutritional content depending on the flowers is made from. It's still high in sugar and calories. so eating too much china can contribute to weight gain. Are there any health benefits? Well, as honey is less processed, IT contains vitamins, minerals and so on, but their quantities are very small. To make a big difference, people need to have around eighty grams of honey per day, but adults are suggested to have no more than thirty grams of honey per day. Then IT doesn't make sense to eat honey just . for its nutrient. Exactly a little honey can add flavor and sweetness, but naturally sweet food like barriers, bananas, carrots or sweet potatoes are healthier choices. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。U seventy national park is incredible. Wow, a black bear is walking around the giant tree. Yeah, its black fur is shiny. Do you know your family is home to over four hundred animal species as well as some of the biggest and tallest natural sites on earth? That's amazing. Later will arrive at your empty falls, the toilets waterfall in north america. IT stands at two thousand, four hundred and . twenty five feet tall. How big is this park? anyway? huge. IT covers about one thousand, one hundred and sixty nine square miles. Besides those giant trees, there are mass iraq formations. One such formation is known as l capitol. IT rises some three thousand feet and has a very steep Cliff face that only expert climbers are allowed to cine. I know you seventy also features a nearly five thousand foot tall rock called half done, which is a half circle rock. Yes, maybe we can camp here next time. Great minds think, like, use seventy. National park is incredible. Wow, a black bear is walking around the giant tree. Yeah, its black fur is shiny. Do you know your family is home to over four hundred animal species, as well as some of the biggest and tallest natural sites on earth? That's amazing. Later will arrive at the assembly falls, the toilets, waterfalls in north america. IT stands at two thousand, four hundred and twenty . five feet tall. How big is this park anyway? Huge IT covers about one thousand, one hundred and sixty nine square miles. Besides those giant trees, there are massive iraq formations. One such formation is known as l cap tan IT rises some three thousand feet and has a very steep Cliff face that only expert climbers are allowed to climb. I know you seventy also features a nearly five thousand foot tall rock called half done, which is a half circle rock. Yes, maybe we can camp here next time. Great minds think like. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第23个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。You're practicing a new song on the piano. No matter how many times you try IT, your fingers just won't move fast enough. Then you can put on a special device that looks like a robotic hand. IT makes your fingers move faster. In a series of experiments, dozens of professional piano players had this experience. They improved their piano skills using a terrible robot. Can SHE need chief for ura, and his team shared the results in science robotics. Furia used to be a professional musician. He practiced the piano so much that he developed a movement disorder in his hands. That's why he changed his career from being a pianist to becoming a scientist. Many people are using wearable, able robotic cans for medical recovery or virtual reality gaming, says viral A. I thought maybe this is also good for music education. Ferri is not an engineer, so he told one of his colleagues about his idea. He wondered if IT might be possible to build such a robot. And he was told, yeah, why not? The robot they built fits over one hand. The pianists often said their fingers felt very light after using the robot, you're practicing a new song on the piano. No matter how many times you try IT, your fingers just want move fast enough. Then you can put on a special device that looks like a robotic hand. IT makes your fingers move faster. In a series of experiments, dozens of professional piano players had this experience. They improved their piano skills using a wearable robotic hand. SHE need chief for ura and his team shared the results in science robotics flu. A used to be a professional musician. He practiced the piano so much that he developed a movement disorder in his hands. That's why he changed his career from being a pianist to becoming a scientist. Many people are using wearable, able robotic cans for a medical recovery or virtual reality gaming, says furu A. I thought maybe this is also good for music education. Furu a is not an engineer, so he told one of his colleagues about his idea. He wondered if IT might be possible to build such a robot. And he was told, yeah, why not? The robot they built fits over one hand. The pianists often said their fingers felt very light after using the robot. 第二节到此结束。 沈阳市回民中学2028届高一下学期期末考试 英语 试卷满分：150分 时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the woman like the song best? A. It was written by her family member. B. It brings back happy memories for her. C. It matches the atmosphere of the beach. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Alice, why is this song your favorite? W: Every time I hear it, I’m immediately transported to a time in the past. In those good old days, my family and I were walking along the beach, singing this song together. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a hotel. B. At the woman’s place. C. At the cleaner’s. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Good afternoon, sir. Sorry to disturb you. Do you need me to clean your room now? M: Could you do it an hour later? My son is still sleeping. W: Sure. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A new camera. B. A landscape painter. C. A photography show. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: This exhibition is a total success. All the photos are so inspiring! M: Yes. Miss Green documented many beautiful moments with her camera. I especially love the way the sunlight shone in that landscape shot. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman suggest the boy do with the money? A. Set aside part of it. B. Give it to his parents. C. Buy a pair of headphones. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: My grandparents gave me 100 dollars as lucky money. I’m going to buy a pair of shoes and new headphones. W: Well, have you ever thought about saving some for unexpected needs? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man appreciate most about Jason? A. His talent. B. His work attitude. C. His teamwork spirit. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Jason is always a reliable player. M: Yeah. I’ve never seen anyone quite like him. He’s incredibly talented, but what sets him apart is his attitude towards work. I’ve met many talented athletes, but few of them practice as hard as he does. 第一节（共15小题：每题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Why is Xuan paper expensive in the man’s opinion? A. It is only produced in small quantities. B. It is handmade with specific materials. C. It is difficult to transport over long distances. 7. What does the woman want to do? A. Paint on Xuan paper. B. Learn Chinese calligraphy. C. Visit a paper-making factory. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: I bought some Xuan paper online, but its price is sky high. M: Oh, it’s worth every penny. Xuan paper is made from a specific type of tree bark and other natural materials. Even today, it still remains typically handmade and requires incredible precision and skills from the workers. W: I see. You know a lot about Xuan paper. M: I’ve learned Chinese calligraphy before, and Xuan paper is perfect for that. W: Oh, I can’t wait to try it at my Chinese painting class. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Where did the man’s son celebrate his 7th birthday? A. At a restaurant. B. At a local park. C. At a movie theater. 9. What activity does the woman recommend after having a picnic? A. Flying kites. B. Picking fruits. C. Going bird-watching. 10. Which of the following may interest the man’s son? A. A trip to the zoo. B. A book about plants. C. A treasure hunt game. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【原文】M: My son’s 8th birthday is coming. Last year, I took him to the cinema. Any fresh ideas for this year? W: How about celebrating at a local park? M: Good idea. What can we do exactly? W: You can have a picnic there. Make sure there are some games or activities to keep everyone entertained after the meal, like flying kites. M: Sounds good. W: You could also organize a nature treasure hunt with your son. Create a checklist of tasks, like finding certain leaves and feathers, spotting a butterfly or a bird’s nest. Then team up with your son, explore a path together, and discover more about plants and animals along the way. M: That’s interactive! My son loves this kind of game that involves small challenges and takes place in nature. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What makes honey slightly different in nutrition according to Dr. Green? A. The harvest time. B. The processing method. C. The types of flowers used. 12. How much honey should a person eat daily to get noticeable health benefits? A. About 30 grams. B. About 60 grams. C. About 80 grams. 13. What advice does Dr. Green give in the end? A. Storing honey in a cool place. B. Choosing naturally sweet foods. C. Replacing sugar with honey. 【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Today, we’re joined by health expert Sarah Green to discuss a sweet topic — honey! Dr. Green, many people view honey as a healthier alternative to sugar. Is that wise? W: Thank you for having me. Well, I don’t think that’s a wise idea. While honey varies slightly in nutritional content depending on the flowers it’s made from, it’s still high in sugar and calories. M: So eating too much honey can contribute to weight gain. Are there any health benefits? W: Well, as honey is less processed, it contains vitamins, minerals, and so on. But their quantities are very small. To make a big difference, people need to have around 80 grams of honey per day. But adults are suggested to have no more than 30 grams of honey per day. M: Then it doesn’t make sense to eat honey just for its nutrients. W: Exactly. A little honey can add flavor and sweetness, but naturally sweet foods like berries, bananas, carrots or sweet potatoes are healthier choices. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What catches the speakers’ attention at first? A. A black bear. B. The sunshine. C. An endangered tree. 15. How tall is Yosemite Falls? A. 1,169 feet tall. B. 2,425 feet tall. C. 3,000 feet tall. 16. What does the woman say about Half Dome? A. It is shaped like a half circle. B. It is shorter than El Capitán. C. It is the world’s oldest rock formation. 17. What do the speakers agree to do in the park next time? A. Climb rocks. B. Go camping. C. Hike in the mountains. 【答案】14. A 15. B 16. A 17. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Yosemite National Park is incredible! Wow, a black bear is walking around the giant tree! M: Yeah. Its black fur is shiny! Do you know Yosemite is home to over 400 animal species as well as some of the biggest and tallest natural sights on Earth? W: That’s amazing. M: Later, we’ll arrive at Yosemite Falls, the tallest waterfall in North America. It stands at 2,425 feet tall. W: How big is this park anyway? M: Huge! It covers about 1,169 square miles. Besides those giant trees, there are massive rock formations. One such formation is known as El Capitán. It rises some 3,000 feet and has a very steep cliff face that only expert climbers are allowed to climb. W: I know Yosemite also features a nearly 5,000-foot-tall rock called Half Dome, which is a half-circle rock. M: Yes. Maybe we can camp here next time. W: Great minds think alike. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What do the experiments show about a wearable robotic hand? A. It can improve piano skills. B. It can help with medical recovery. C. It can assist in virtual reality gaming. 19. Why did Shinichi Furuya change his career? A. He wanted to win more respect. B. He had a hand movement disorder. C. He lost interest in playing the piano. 20. What was the colleague’s attitude towards Shinichi Furuya’s idea? A. Opposed. B. Uncertain. C. Approving. 【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【原文】 M: You’re practicing a new song on the piano. No matter how many times you try it, your fingers just won’t move fast enough. Then you can put on a special device that looks like a robotic hand. It makes your fingers move faster. In a series of experiments, dozens of professional piano players had this experience. They improved their piano skills using a wearable robotic hand. Shinichi Furuya and his team shared the results in Science Robotics. Furuya used to be a professional musician. He practiced the piano so much that he developed a movement disorder in his hands. That’s why he changed his career from being a pianist to becoming a scientist. “Many people are using wearable robotic hands for medical recovery or virtual reality gaming,” says Furuya. “I thought maybe this is also good for music education.” Furuya is not an engineer, so he told one of his colleagues about his idea. He wondered if it might be possible to build such a robot. And he was told, “Yeah, why not?” The robot they built fits over one hand. The pianists often said their fingers felt “very light” after using the robot. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Must-see Museums for Students in New York City (NYC) Whether you’re looking for great ideas or longing for some wonderful experiences, this guide features NYC museums that express the city’s creative spirit and help you grow as a student. American Museum of Natural History It brings science to life through big shows and interesting experiences. You’ll find everything from dinosaur bones to space exploration. Its hands-on way of learning makes it especially useful for students studying innovation (革新). Top tips: New York State residents, including students, can buy pay-as-you-wish tickets online. Museum of Modern Art It is the home of big ideas and new ways of thinking. It houses some of the works that have most changed how the world thinks about art. The museum shows how innovation spreads through both culture and industries. Top tips: Students with a valid (有效的) ID get discount tickets at $17. New York State residents can get free access on Friday nights from 5:30 to 8:30 p.m. The Whitney Museum of American Art It celebrates American art, with a strong focus on living artists. Its shows explore topics like identity, politics, technology and social change. Many works reflect modern life, making the museum a great space for students who want to study cultural trends (趋势). Top tips: Anyone under 25 can visit for free every day with a valid ID. Free Friday Nights make the museum come alive from 5 to 10 p.m. with music, drinks and great views of the city. Brooklyn Museum It has a lot of art from around the world, from old Egyptian objects to new artworks exploring social fairness. Its shows ask students to think and learn about different cultures. Top tips: Students get reduced-price tickets with ID. The museum also offers a weekly pop up market and free First Saturdays events with art, talks, drinks and dancing. 21. Which museum is the most suitable for students who prefer learning by doing? A. Brooklyn Museum. B. American Museum of Natural History. C. Museum of Modern Art. D. The Whitney Museum of American Art. 22. What do we know about the Museum of Modern Art? A. It values creative thinking. B. It has the largest collection of works. C. Its ticket price for New Yorkers is $17. D. It’s free for students on Friday nights. 23. What do the last two museums have in common? A. They focus on modern American art. B. They show artworks about technology. C. They host free events with drinks. D. They offer pay-what-you-wish tickets. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了纽约市四个适合学生参观的博物馆，这些博物馆各具特色，涵盖自然历史、现代艺术、美国当代艺术和全球文化，为学生提供丰富的学习体验和优惠政策。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“American Museum of Natural History”部分中的“Its hands-on way of learning makes it especially useful for students studying innovation.(它的动手学习方式使其对学习创新的学生特别有用。)”可知，美国自然历史博物馆的特色是让学生在实践中学习创新，因此最适合喜欢动手实践的学习者。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Museum of Modern Art”部分中的“It is the home of big ideas and new ways of thinking. It houses some of the works that have most changed how the world thinks about art.(它是伟大思想和新思维方式的家园。它收藏了一些最能改变世界对艺术看法的作品)”可知，现代艺术博物馆重视创新思维。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Whitney Museum of American Art”部分中的“Free Friday nights make the museum come alive from 5 to 10 p.m. with music, drinks and great views of the city.(免费的周五晚上让博物馆从下午5点到10点充满活力，有音乐、饮料和城市的美景)”以及“Brooklyn Museum”部分中的“The museum also offers a weekly pop up market and free First Saturdays events with art, talks, drinks and dancing.(博物馆还提供每周的快闪市场和免费的第一个星期六活动，包括艺术、讲座、饮料和舞蹈)”可知，两个博物馆共同特点是都举办免费活动并提供饮品。 B The cover of a serious science magazine recently caught everyone’s attention in a special way. It showed how trees communicate through an “internet of trees” made of fungal threads (菌丝) in the soil. But instead of looking like a regular science diagram, the image appeared as a beautiful Chinese silk embroidery (刺绣), with golden threads connecting the roots in an elegant pattern. This creative idea came from Dr. Elena. When she was still a university student, she often found it hard to explain complex plant relationships to people who weren’t experts. Scientific terms and complicated charts made it difficult for many to understand. One day, she remembered her childhood: her grandmother teaching her embroidery. She recalled how colorful threads wove together on fabric (布料), eventually forming beautiful patterns. It reminded her of the hidden connections between plants. “That’s it!” she suddenly realized. Inspired, she picked up her sketchbook and started creating. She drew seed spreading processes as delicate paper art, with seeds floating across the sky like tiny white sculptures. She gave a description of how plants send signals to each other using patterns similar to those found in textiles. At first, this was just her personal way to organize her thoughts, but other scientists saw her work and loved it. Over five years, her team created more than 800 of these scientific illustrations, with many featured in world-famous science magazines. “Science doesn’t need to feel cold and emotionless to be correct,” Elena said, pointing to her latest work. This painting shows how plants use sunlight to create energy as a colorful traditional woven artwork. “When we combine cultural heritage with scientific truth, we can build a bridge that helps everyone understand knowledge.” 24. Why did Dr. Elena start creating her scientific illustrations? A. To prove her scientific discoveries. B. To explain plant science clearly. C. To replace traditional diagrams. D. To show science can be incorrect. 25. What was the direct inspiration for Dr. Elena’s unique way of scientific drawings? A. A childhood memory of learning embroidery. B. The complex charts in science textbooks. C. The advice from her university professors. D. Her research on traditional Chinese art forms. 26. The reaction of other scientists to Dr. Elena’s work suggests that they _________. A. were initially skeptical about its value B. viewed it merely as decorative art C. considered it an oversimplification D. valued her creative approach 27. According to the passage, what is the key message Dr. Elena wants to convey? A. Science and culture should be separate. B. Digital tools are best for science art. C. Culture can bridge science and the public. D. Traditional science diagrams are useless. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Elena受童年刺绣经历启发，用艺术形式创作科学插图，以帮助人们更好地理解植物科学的故事。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“When she was still a university student, she often found it hard to explain complex plant relationships to people who weren’t experts.(当她还是一名大学生时，她经常发现很难向非专业人士解释复杂的植物关系。)”以及第四段中“At first, this was just her personal way to organize her thoughts, but other scientists saw her work and loved it.(起初，这只是她整理思绪的个人方式，但其他科学家看到了她的作品并很喜欢。)”可知，Elena开始创作科学插图是为了更清晰地解释植物科学。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“One day, she remembered her childhood: her grandmother teaching her embroidery. She recalled how colorful threads wove together on fabric (布料), eventually forming beautiful patterns. It reminded her of the hidden connections between plants.(有一天，她想起了自己的童年：祖母教她刺绣。她回忆起彩色的线如何在布料上交织，最终形成美丽的图案。这让她想起了植物之间隐藏的联系。)”可知，Elena独特的科学绘画方式的直接灵感来自她童年学习刺绣的记忆。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“At first, this was just her personal way to organize her thoughts, but other scientists saw her work and loved it.(起初，这只是她整理思绪的个人方式，但其他科学家看到了她的作品并很喜欢。)”以及第五段“Over five years, her team created more than 800 of these scientific illustrations, with many featured in world-famous science magazines.(在五年多的时间里，她的团队创作了800多幅这样的科学插图，其中许多被世界著名的科学杂志所刊登。)”可知，其他科学家对Elena作品的反应表明他们很欣赏她的创意方法。故选D。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When we combine cultural heritage with scientific truth, we can build a bridge that helps everyone understand knowledge.(当我们把文化遗产和科学真理结合起来时，我们就能搭建一座帮助每个人理解知识的桥梁。)”可知，Elena想要传达的关键信息是文化可以架起科学与公众之间的桥梁。故选C。 C It’s a classic complaint in relationships, especially romantic ones: “She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related? ” The answer is YES. Communication is more than words. It’s how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word. It’s multi-dimensional, as explored by Deirdre Wilson and Dan Sperber in Meaning and Relevance. Consider the following example: Peter got angry and Mary left; Mary left and Peter got angry. Though identical in words, their meanings differ completely. The first one may have us thinking: Wow, Peter must get angry often if Mary leaves. The second sentence suggests that Peter wants more from Mary. Same words — a totally different context. Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. ” Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken. . Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying “ironically” that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language’s efficiency. Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning. 28. What does the complaint in Paragraph 1 mainly indicate? A. The inconsistence between words and meaning. B. The importance of remembering vital moments. C. The necessity of straightforward communication. D. The unavoidability of argument in a couple's life. 29. What may make human language different from true codes? A. The context included in understanding meanings. B. The definitions made by words in communication. C. The coded communication between emitter and receiver. D. The one-to-one relationship between word and meaning. 30. How does Mary’s statement “That was fun” illustrate about irony? A. It simplifies language to save time. B. It covers the true feelings of people. C. It needs wordy explanations to make sense. D. It uses fewer words for complex meanings. 31. What does the author suggest in communication? A. Focusing on the opposite. B. Taking language literally. C. Reading beyond the words. D. Avoiding using ironic tones. 【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人类语言交流特点及反语在交流中的作用。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related?(她说她不介意我忘记她的生日！那她为什么在厨房里摔盘子呢？这两件事有关系吗？)”以及第二段“Communication is more than words. It’s how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word.(交流不仅仅是言语。还包括这些话是怎么说的，语气，顺序，甚至是某个特定单词的选择)”可推知，第一段的抱怨主要表明了言语和意思之间的不一致。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. ” Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken.(人类语言不是一种编码。真正的编码与意义有着一一对应的关系。一种声音，一种定义。这就是我们在动物身上看到的情况。威尔逊和斯珀伯解释说：“当发出者和接收者拥有完全相同的编码时，编码交流效果最佳。”人类则不是这样。我们交流的内容比我们所说的单词的定义要多。这是一种推理交流，这意味着我们不仅理解所说的单词，而且理解它们所使用的语境)”可知，理解意义时所包含的语境使人类语言不同于真正的编码。故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying “ironically” that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language’s efficiency.(反语是一个很好的例子，说明我们如何用几个简单的词来有力地传达语境。它不仅仅是陈述相反的意思。例如，当玛丽在一个无聊的聚会后说“那很有趣”时，她既不是说聚会真的很有趣，也不是“讽刺地”说聚会很无聊。相反，她在表达一种情感。三个字代替了段落，展示了语言的效率)”可知，玛丽的陈述“那很有趣”用更少的词表达了复杂的意思，从而说明了反语的特点。故选 D。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning.(威尔逊和斯珀伯得出结论，人类语言之所以发展并变得如此强大，是因为人类有两种独特的能力：语言能力和试图解读他人心理状态的能力。我们为听到的单词寻找语境。我们应该非常善于吸收这种语境来推断意义)” 可推知，作者认为在交流中应该理解话语背后的意思，也就是不仅仅局限于字面意思。故选C。 D Every time you crowd into a packed plane, you might wonder if you will catch something from the person sitting next to you — or a few rows away. You’re not alone: researchers share that curiosity. Erica, associate professor at Northwestern University, and her colleagues tried to find out by testing face masks worn by passengers on flights to document what kinds of bugs they trapped. The team was also interested in the air circulating in hospitals and tested face masks worn by hospital staff. They collected 53 masks for analysis. They detected 407 total microbial (微生物) species from both the plane and hospital settings, with similar populations of bugs from each. The vast majority of these came from skin and are harmless, says Erica. She says most airborne microbes come from our skin, as we shed (使掉落) them everywhere we go. The kits that the team used were designed to collect DNA, so that meant the researchers primarily captured bacteria — not viruses, many of which have RNA as their genetic base (like influenza). Erica says that viruses likely make up a smaller proportion of microbes in the air than bacteria, since people shed more skin bacteria than virus particles. She notes that viruses tend to heavily depend on the right habitat in order to thrive, and once outside the body and away from cells that they can infect, they can become slightly less pernicious. The results of the study highlight the importance of developing better ways to monitor the air for disease-causing pathogens (病原体), including viruses, using sensing systems that could provide more real-time readings. “Imagine something like a gas alarm that, depending on the levels of microbes present, could automatically increase air-exchange rates or alert people to put on masks,” says Erica. Erica hopes people will remember that the air — even in tight places like a plane or hospital — may not be as full of disease-causing bacteria as we think. Still, if you are worried about getting sick, face masks are an effective way to protect yourself from pathogens, as well as protecting you from spreading bacteria to others if you are ill. 32. Why did Erica and her colleagues carry out the study? A. To compare bugs in different settings. B. To design a new air conditioning system. C. To explore infection risks in specific places. D. To prove that using face masks is ineffective. 33. How did the team collect data for their research? A. By examining DNA from skin samples. B. By tracking viruses spread among patients. C. By checking air quality inside the airplanes. D. By testing face masks from different groups. 34. What does the underlined word “pernicious” most probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Rare. B. Harmful. C. Visible. D. Stable. 35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Viruses are the main microbes in the air. B. Real-time air monitoring is now widely used. C. Shed skin spreads more bacteria than viruses. D. People needn’t overreact to the air in tight spaces. 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】主要说明了研究检测飞机和医院口罩中的微生物，发现大多无害且以细菌为主，病毒离体后危害减弱，密闭空间空气致病风险较低，口罩仍能有效防护。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Erica, associate professor at Northwestern University, and her colleagues tried to find out by testing face masks worn by passengers on flights to document what kinds of bugs they trapped. (西北大学的艾丽卡副教授及其团队通过测试飞往目的地航班上的乘客所佩戴的口罩，试图弄清楚这些口罩上究竟捕获了何种病菌。)”可知，埃丽卡和她的同事们开展这项研究是为了探究特定区域的感染风险。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The team was also interested in the air circulating in hospitals and tested face masks worn by hospital staff. They collected 53 masks for analysis. (该团队还对医院内的空气流动情况进行了研究，并对医院工作人员所佩戴的口罩进行了检测。他们收集了53个口罩用于分析。)”可知，该团队通过测试来自不同群体的口罩收集研究数据。 【34题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“viruses tend to heavily depend on the right habitat in order to thrive, and once outside the body and away from cells that they can infect, they can become slightly less (病毒往往非常依赖适宜的生存环境才能繁衍，一旦离开人体并远离它们能够感染的细胞，他们就会变得没那么……)”可知，病毒离开人体与宿主细胞后，生存条件变差，危害性下降。故划线词意思是“有害的”。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Erica hopes people will remember that the air — even in tight places like a plane or hospital — may not be as full of disease-causing bacteria as we think. (埃丽卡希望人们能明白，即便是在像飞机或医院这样的密闭环境中，空气里可能也不像我们想象的那样充满致病细菌。)”可知，人们不必对密闭空间内的空气过度担忧。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles. ____36____ Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the earth can no longer sustain us? ____37____ The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment more friendly than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before. Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. ____38____ Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life. However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth — ever. ____39____ As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert, consisting of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. Although the two-year experiment was a failure, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. Anyway, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the globe. ____40____ A. Right now, it’s the only one we have. B. That definitely is a big step forward. C. Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images. D. Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take far better care of our own. E. Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but isn’t impossible, as proved by scientists. F. One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. G. Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth. 【答案】36. G 37. F 38. C 39. E 40. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了地球生命面临的最大威胁从过去的核危机转变为如今的环境问题，介绍了人类为应对地球生存危机开展的火星探索计划、探索历程、移居火星的巨大难题以及相关模拟实验，并指出在实现外星定居前，人类应当用心守护地球家园。 【36题详解】 根据前文“In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles.(在20世纪六七十年代，人类乃至地球上所有的高级生命形式都可能会被核导弹毁灭。)”可知空前讲述过去地球生命的最大威胁是核导弹危机；空后一句“Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy.(科学家们正在寻找降低这种风险的方法，例如用可再生能源替代煤炭和石油。)”可知空后介绍科学家应对当下风险的举措；故推知：空处需要承上启下，对比过去与现在，引出如今的主要生存危机；选项G“Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth.(然而如今，环境问题已然成为地球生命面临的最大威胁。)”符合语境。 【37题详解】 根据前文“But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the earth can no longer sustain us?(但他们也在做最坏的打算：如果地球再也无法供养人类，我们该怎么办？)”可知空前提出地球无法居住后的应对疑问；空后一句“The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment more friendly than that of other planets.(最可能的选择是火星，它距离地球相对较近，环境相较于其他行星更为适宜。)”可知空后给出具体的备选宜居星球；故推知：空处需要承接上文疑问，提出探索其他宜居行星的解决方案，总领本段内容；选项F“One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them.(其中一个办法是探索其他行星，判断人类是否可以在上面生存。)”能够衔接上下文，贴合语境。 【38题详解】 根据前文“Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars.(自20世纪60年代以来，我们一直在向火星发射无人航天器。)”可知空前说明人类长期开展火星无人探测任务；空后一句“Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life.(我们的机器人探测火星地表，检测土壤，寻找资源、水源和生命迹象。)”可知空后介绍火星地表探测工作；故推知：空处需要衔接无人航天器发射，补充太空探测的具体成果，形成语义递进；选项C“Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images.(我们的探测器环绕火星运行，传回了珍贵的数据和精美的影像。)”逻辑连贯、贴合文意。 【39题详解】 根据前文“And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth — ever.(即便首批定居者安全抵达火星，他们或许永远无法重返地球。)”可知空前阐述了人类移居火星面临的巨大生存困境；空后一句“As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert, consisting of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together.(早在20世纪80年代，科学家就在亚利桑那沙漠建造了生物圈2号，打造了可供人类、动植物共同生存的封闭空间。)”可知空后介绍科学家为解决外星生存问题开展的实验；故推知：空处需要承接火星生存难题，同时说明该难题并非无法攻克，衔接后文的实验佐证；选项E“Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but isn’t impossible, as proved by scientists.(生存将是每日的挑战，但科学家证明这并非不可能实现。)”符合上下文逻辑。 【40题详解】 根据前文“In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the globe.(与此同时，科学研究表明地球正在变暖，这一由人类活动引发的变化正对全球造成恶劣影响。)”可知文末回归地球环境恶化的现状；文章前文介绍了火星移居的漫长探索与重重困难；故推知：空处需要总结全文，升华主旨，呼吁人类珍惜并保护地球；选项D“Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take far better care of our own.(在人类最终能够移居其他星球之前，我们需要更好地守护我们自己的星球。)”收束全文，契合主旨。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in a small coastal town where hurricanes were a regular threat. My parents always taught me that even ____41____ actions could make a difference when disasters struck. One summer, a severe hurricane warning was issued. While others rushed to buy supplies, my father ____42____ our neighbors’ yards to help move container ____43____ indoors. I asked why he wasted time on such small things. He smiled, “These plants may seem ____44____, but to Mrs. Johnson, they’re memories of her late husband.” The storm hit hard that night. The next morning, our street was ____45____ with fallen branches. To my surprise, Mrs. Johnson came out with homemade cookies, ____46____ everyone who helped. Her gratitude taught me that kindness ____47____ even in a mess. Years later, I became a meteorologist (气象学家). During a conference, I shared this story to explain why we should ____48____ not just weather data, but also how people ____49____ to disasters. A colleague sighed, “Scientists often focus on big ____50____ but it’s the personal stories that inspire action.” Now, I always include “small action tips” in my reports, like ____51____ a tree or checking on elderly neighbors. These suggestions seem small, but they ____52____ a chain reaction of community care. After a recent flood, a photo went viral online: a child building a sandbag wall with the ____53____, “I learned this from a weather report!” Disasters are unavoidable, but human beings aren’t ____54____. When we combine scientific ____55____ with individual concern, we don’t just survive — we thrive. 41. A. accidental B. small C. urgent D. formal 42. A. designed B. researched C. ignored D. entered 43. A. plants B. animals C. residents D. carpets 44. A. artificial B. expensive C. ordinary D. weak 45. A. equipped B. covered C. compared D. decorated 46. A. appreciating B. interviewing C. praising D. educating 47. A. rejects B. balances C. disappears D. matters 48. A. forecast B. analyze C. publish D. memorize 49. A. adapt B. adopt C. respond D. adjust 50. A. numbers B. notice C. issues D. disasters 51. A. cutting B. studying C. marking D. planting 52. A. create B. resist C. break D. follow 53. A. brands B. words C. remarks D. warnings 54. A. generous B. cruel C. mighty D. helpless 55. A. ideas B. assumption C. knowledge D. predictions 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述作者儿时在飓风频发的海边小镇，目睹父亲在灾害来临前做微小善举帮助邻居，深受触动。长大后成为气象学家的作者明白：灾难无法避免，但微小的善意与科学知识结合，能汇聚成强大的社区力量，让人在灾难中向阳生长。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我的父母一直教导我，灾难来临时，即便是微小的举动也能带来改变。A. accidental意外的；B. small微小的；C. urgent紧急的；D. formal正式的。根据下文“I asked why he wasted time on such small things”可知，全文围绕“微小善举”展开，父母教导作者微小的行动也能发挥作用。 【42题详解】 考查动词。句意：当其他人争相抢购物资时，父亲走进邻居的院子，帮忙搬运盆栽植物到室内。A. designed设计；B. researched研究；C. ignored忽视；D. entered进入。根据下文“to help move container indoors”可知，父亲进入邻居院子，开展帮忙的行动。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：当其他人争相抢购物资时，父亲走进邻居的院子，帮忙搬运盆栽植物到室内。A. plants植物；B. animals动物；C. residents居民；D. carpets地毯。根据下文“These plants may seem ”可知，父亲帮忙挪动的是盆栽植物。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些植物看似普通，但对约翰逊夫人来说，它们承载着已故丈夫的回忆。A. artificial人造的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. ordinary普通的；D. weak虚弱的。根据上文“I asked why he wasted time on such small things”可知，作者认为这些植物平平无奇、十分普通，不值得花费时间打理。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：第二天早上，我们的街道上到处都是掉落的树枝。A. equipped配备；B. covered覆盖；C. compared比较；D. decorated装饰。根据上文“The storm hit hard that night”可知，飓风猛烈来袭，整条街道被断枝落叶覆盖。 【46题详解】 考查动词。句意：令我惊讶的是，约翰逊夫人端着自制饼干走出来，感谢每一位伸出援手的人。A. appreciating感激、感谢；B. interviewing采访；C. praising赞扬；D. educating教育。根据上文“my father our neighbors’ yards to help move container indoors”可知，众人主动帮忙保护约翰逊夫人的植物，灾后她拿出饼干向大家表达感激。 【47题详解】 考查动词。句意：她的这份感激让我明白，即便身处混乱的困境中，善意依然至关重要。A. rejects拒绝；B. balances平衡；C. disappears消失；D. matters重要、起作用。根据下文“it’s the personal stories that inspire action”可知，平凡的善意举动可以激励他人、带来积极影响，即便在灾难的混乱中也十分重要。 【48题详解】 考查动词。句意：在一次会议上，我分享了这个故事，以此说明我们不仅要分析气象数据，还要关注人们应对灾难的方式。A. forecast预测；B. analyze分析；C. publish发布；D. memorize记忆。根据下文“Scientists often focus on big ”可知，科研人员的核心工作就是研究、分析各类气象数据与相关信息。 【49题详解】 考查动词。句意：在一次会议上，我分享了这个故事，以此说明我们不仅要分析气象数据，还要关注人们应对灾难的方式。A. adapt适应；B. adopt采纳；C. respond回应、应对；D. adjust调整。根据上文作者讲述邻里灾后互助的经历并结合后文“to disasters”可知，作者希望科研不仅关注数据，更关注人们面对灾难时的应对方式与行动。 【50题详解】 考查名词。句意：同事感慨道：科学家往往专注于冰冷的数据，但真正能激励人们行动的，是真实的人间故事。A. numbers数据、数字；B. notice通知；C. issues问题；D. disasters灾难。根据上文“weather data”可知，科研人员大多专注于气象数据、数字信息。 【51题详解】 考查动词。句意：如今我总会在报告中加入“微小行动小贴士”，比如种树、探望年迈邻居。A. cutting砍伐；B. studying学习；C. marking标记；D. planting种植。根据上文“include ‘small action tips’ in my reports”可知，此处列举应对灾害、守护社区的微小善意行动，种树是贴合防灾护境的暖心举措。 【52题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些举动看似微不足道，却能引发社区互助的连锁反应。A. create创造、引发；B. resist抵抗；C. break打破；D. follow跟随。根据下文“a child building a sandbag wall with the , ‘I learned this from a weather report!’”可知，作者的善意小贴士被他人效仿，成功引发了社区互助的连锁暖心效应。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：最近发生洪水之后，一张照片在网上走红：一个孩子正在堆砌沙袋防洪，配文写道“我从天气预报里学到了这个方法！”A. brands品牌；B. words文字、话语；C. remarks评论；D. warnings警告。根据下文直接引语“I learned this from a weather report!”可知，这是图片上标注的文字内容。 【54题详解】 考查形容词。句意：灾难无法避免，但人类并非束手无策。A. generous慷慨的；B. cruel残忍的；C. mighty强大的；D. helpless无助的。根据上文众人互帮互助、效仿善举、主动防灾的情节，并结合前文“Disasters are unavoidable, but human beings aren’t”可知，面对灾难，人类可以主动行动，并非毫无办法、束手无策。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：当我们将科学知识与人文关怀结合，我们便不止于幸存，更能蓬勃生长。A. ideas想法；B. assumption假设；C. knowledge知识；D. predictions预测。根据上文作者从事气象相关工作、分析气象数据的经历可知，作者依靠专业的科学知识，结合普通人的善意关怀对抗灾难。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On March 22, just 10 minutes before a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class ____56____ (schedule) to begin, the lecture hall at Nanchang University was packed with over 100 people. More students continued to pour in, ____57____ (cause) Chen Li, the professor to give the lecture, to relocate the class to a larger place. Having taught the course for many years, Chen focuses on the history, melodies and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera. Chen’s teaching style, which combines traditional lecturing with live performances, ____58____ (set) her class apart. Often dressed in Jiangxi Opera costumes in her class, Chen transforms the classroom into a stage to build ____59____ (enthusiastic) in her students. Wearing traditional clothes, the students immerse themselves ____60____ (entire) in the world of Jiangxi Opera. “In my class, I urge them ____61____ (come) to the stage and experience the whole process for themselves,” Chen said. “As ____62____ active advocate of Jiangxi Opera, I need to think more about the future of the art form.” Zhou Xiaoli, who once performed in Chen’s class, found her interactive teaching method unique and ____63____ (engage) and has developed an interest in this art form. “I thought Jiangxi Opera boring and outdated before, ____64____ her class made me love it,” she said. Jiangxi Opera has deep historical roots. During the 1950s and 60s, it thrived in Leping City with more than 400 ancient stages, over 20 percent of ____65____ were well-preserved from the Ming and Qing dynasties. In 2018, Jiangxi Opera appeared on the Spring Festival Gala stage for the first time. 【答案】56. was scheduled 57. causing 58. sets 59. enthusiasm 60. entirely 61. to come 62. an 63. engaging 64. but##yet 65. which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了3月22日，南昌大学一场赣剧鉴赏课因学生过多换至大场地。陈丽教授的互动教学独特，激发学生兴趣，赣剧历史深厚且曾登春晚。 【56题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：3月22日，就在一场赣剧欣赏课预定开始的前10分钟，南昌大学的演讲厅里坐满了100多人。主语a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class与谓语动词schedule构成被动关系，根据上文On March 22可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数形式。故填was scheduled。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：更多学生不断涌入，使得主讲这门课的陈丽教授不得不将课堂转移到一个更大的地方。cause是非谓语动词，该空后内容是前句造成的自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作状语，故填causing。 【58题详解】 考查时态。句意：她的教学方式将传统的讲授与现场表演相结合，使她的课程独具特色。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Chen’s teaching style，谓语动词set用三单形式。故填sets。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：在她的课堂上，陈老师经常身着赣剧服装。她会将教室布置成舞台，以此激发学生们的学习热情。作动词的宾语，用名词enthusiasm，不可数。故填enthusiasm。 【60题详解】 考查副词。句意：学生们身着传统服饰，全身心地沉浸在赣剧的世界里。修饰动词immerse用副词entirely作状语。故填entirely。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：陈老师说：“在我的课上，我会鼓励学生们走上讲台，亲自体验整个过程。”短语urge sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to come。 【62题详解】 考查冠词。句意：作为赣剧的积极倡导者，我需要更多地思考这种艺术形式的未来走向。此处advocate为泛指，且active是发音以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 【63题详解】 考查形容词。句意：曾在陈老师班上表演过的周小丽，发现她互动式的教学方法独特又富有吸引力，并且对这种艺术形式产生了兴趣。此处为形容词engaging，在句中与形容词unique作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语her interactive teaching method的特点。故填engaging。 【64题详解】 考查连词。句意：“我之前觉得赣剧枯燥乏味、过时落伍，但/然而她的表演让我爱上了这种剧种。”她说。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，故用but/yet。故填but/yet。 【65题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在20世纪50年代和60年代期间，它在乐平市蓬勃发展，拥有超过400个古老的舞台，其中超过20%的舞台完好地保存自明清时期。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词more than 400 ancient stages，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词作介词的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，参与了本市国际马拉松比赛的志愿者工作。应组委会邀请，你将在志愿者分享会上作简短发言。请用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. 赛事感人瞬间；2. 你的感悟。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow volunteers and friends, I’m Li Hua, a volunteer for the 2026 Marathon held in our city. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear fellow volunteers and friends, I’m Li Hua, a volunteer for the 2026 Marathon held in our city. Today I’d like to share some impressive moments. What touched me most was the runners’ perseverance. Tired as they were, many runners insisted on finishing the race, showing the spirit of never giving up. Besides, I witnessed a warm scene at the finish line: a little girl awarded her father a medal to praise his persistent effort. These moments taught me that a marathon is more than a race. It carries spiritual strength and warm family love. I feel honored to take part in this meaningful activity. Thank you. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，结合本市国际马拉松志愿者经历，在志愿者分享会上发言，介绍赛事中的感人瞬间并分享个人感悟。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 疲惫的：tired → exhausted 展现：show → demonstrate 参与：take part in → participate in/engage in 荣幸的：honored → privileged 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：These moments taught me that a marathon is more than a race. 拓展句：What I realized from these moments is that a marathon goes far beyond a common race. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What touched me most was the runners’ perseverance. (运用what引导的主语从句) 【高分句型2】Tired as they were, many runners insisted on finishing the race, showing the spirit of never giving up. (运用as引导的让步状语从句倒装结构以及现在分词showing作伴随状语) 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Frade and Jerry were close friends in the same class. They went to school together, played together, and walked home side by side every single day, sharing all the small joys of their school life. One day on their way home after school, they spotted a group of older boys throwing stones at the roadside public garden, breaking the small plants and littering the ground carelessly. Frade immediately lit up with excitement and pulled Jerry’s arm, saying, “Come on! Let’s go over and join them. It’s such fun to throw stones around!” But Jerry stepped back and refused firmly, “This is wrong. We shouldn’t damage public things or follow their silly tricks. Our parents are waiting for us at home for dinner, and I don’t want to make them worry about us.” “You are nothing but a coward, too scared to join us,” Frade shouted at him. Then he ran off quickly to the garden with the other boys, leaving Jerry alone. Jerry said nothing more, turned around and walked home quietly, putting the whole thing behind him. Soon enough, Frade told every boy in their class that Jerry was a coward. All the classmates laughed at Jerry rudely, looked down on him, and refused to play with him from that day on. Jerry felt sad and lonely, but he never got angry with Frade for his unfair words. He knew deep down that real courage is not rushing into foolish tricks to win praise, but standing by what is right, even when you are misunderstood and laughed at for no reason. The only thing a person should truly fear is doing something wrong. So he ignored the cold laughter, kept his own pace, went to school and studied hard as usual, never giving up his right beliefs. Frade never walked home with Jerry again. He stuck with his new friends, all of whom called Jerry a coward. Every day after school, they skipped going straight home, wandering by the river or hanging around elsewhere, fooling around and wasting their time without a care. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few days later, Frade was in trouble when bathing in the river with his new friends. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At that moment, Jerry happened to pass by. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A few days later, Frade was in trouble when bathing in the river with his new friends. The afternoon sun was hot, and they dashed into the cool water, chasing each other carelessly. Frade, eager to show off, stepped too far into the deep area, where the current suddenly grew strong. He lost his balance, flailing his arms wildly to stay afloat, water pouring into his mouth as he screamed for help. His friends froze in fear, some even backed away from the bank, none daring to step into the dangerous water to rescue him. At that moment, Jerry happened to pass by. He heard Frade’s desperate cries for help and immediately rushed over. Seeing Frade struggling in the deep water, Jerry didn’t hesitate, even though he was not a good swimmer. He quickly scanned the bank, grabbed a thick, long branch, and stretched it firmly toward Frade. Gritting his teeth and using all his strength, he pulled Frade steadily toward the bank. When Frade was finally safe, he sat on the ground, shaking with fear, and looked at Jerry with guilt and admiration, realizing that true bravery was never about recklessness but about doing what’s right. 【解析】 【导语】本文以两位好友的矛盾经历为线索展开，讲述了弗雷德怂恿好友杰瑞一起破坏公共设施被拒，便造谣诋毁杰瑞胆小懦弱，导致杰瑞被同学孤立，但杰瑞始终坚守本心、明辨是非，而弗雷德整日和新伙伴肆意玩乐、虚度时光的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写弗雷德和同伴下河嬉戏，因逞强不慎陷入河水险境，同伴们胆小怯懦、无人敢施救的危急场景。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写杰瑞目睹险情后不顾过往矛盾，果断出手救助弗雷德，最终让弗雷德醒悟，明白真正的勇敢是坚守正义而非鲁莽逞强。 2.续写线索：下河嬉戏——逞强遇险——同伴退缩——杰瑞路过——果断施救——弗雷德获救醒悟——领悟勇敢真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①帮助：help/assist ②肆意嬉戏：fool around/play recklessly 情绪类 ①恐惧：freeze in fear/be panic-stricken ②内疚：guilt/lingering sense of obligation 【点睛】[高分句型1] Frade, eager to show off, stepped too far into the deep area, where the current suddenly grew strong.（使用了形容词短语作伴随状语以及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] When Frade was finally safe, he sat on the ground, shaking with fear, and looked at Jerry with guilt and admiration, realizing that true bravery was never about recklessness but about doing what’s right.（使用了现在分词作伴随状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $