精品解析：辽宁大连市2025-2026学年度第二学期期末考试高一英语试题

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2025~2026学年度第二学期期末考试 高一英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5mm黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置贴好条形码。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用黑色碳素笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a school. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore. 2. What will the man do? A. Attend an interview. B. Work on a farm. C. Stay in the city. 3. Why does the man suggest taking the bus? A. To save cost. B. To visit a museum. C. To be quicker. 4. What’s the man’s attitude toward the woman’s behavior? A. Disapproving. B. Unconcerned. C. Understanding. 5. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Track strangers’ photos. B. Share photos with friends. C. Post photos without locations. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the main goal of Tom’s project? A. To research the usage of apps. B. To show how apps help seniors. C. To prepare for a science festival. 7. What will Tom probably do next? A. Visit the woman’s grandma. B. Contact the community center. C. Download more research papers. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What do most paintings feature? A. Natural landscapes. B. Special styles. C. City scenes. 9. How much will the man pay in total? A. $36. B. $45. C. $54. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Neighbors. C. A couple. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What honor did Kenny receive this year? A. Winning eight artist honors. B. Having thirty-three hit songs. C. Entering the Country Music Hall of Fame. 12. What do we know about Kenny in his early years? A. Born in a big city. B. Inspired by a live show. C. Raised by one parent. 13. What is the feature of Kenny’s music? A. Rock and island rhythms. B. Pure traditional country. C. Mixed music styles. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. Why will a separate bike lane be built? A. To keep cyclists safe. B. To relieve traffic jam. C. To replace warning signs. 15. Who is the woman most likely to be? A. A traffic expert. B. A meeting participant. C. A committee member. 16. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Conflicts between drivers and cyclists. B. The design problems of a particular road. C. A new safety measure and related debates. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What was the most satisfying part of the flight for the man? A. Enough legroom. B. Large-sized aircraft. C. Multi-language videos. 18. What made the airport highly convenient? A. Fast entry process. B. Free travel guides. C. Professional staff service. 19. What impressed the man most about Beijing? A. Ancient hutongs. B. City management. C. Old meets new. 20. How will the man spend his time in Beijing later? A. Learn services. B. Visit airports. C. Explore the city. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节：（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Designing and performing theatrical productions leaves a notable environmental footprint. Here’s a breakdown of the energy consumption and waste generation in 2023 across different stages of a typical play’s production cycle. Making theater more sustainable isn’t just about cutting energy use — it’s also about reimagining production supplies. While no universal “eco-theater” solution exists, a range of green alternatives are emerging. SET MATERIALS Reclaimed wood and modular props (模块化道具). Sourced from recycled construction waste or reusable parts, they cut down on post-show set waste. COSTUMES Upcycled clothing. Repurposed from secondhand stores or old fabrics, they avoid the environmental cost of manufacturing new costumes and lower textile waste. LIGHTING LED stage lights. Using 75% less energy than traditional stage lights and lasting longer, they reduce both energy consumption and replacement waste. PROPS Biodegradable (可生物降解的) accessories. Made from materials like paper, bamboo, or natural fibers, they decompose easily after use, avoiding long-term landfill pollution. This shift toward sustainable theater is global, and the extent of transformation is “unlike anything we’ve seen before,” says Liam Carter, a renowned theater director. It’s estimated that the number of annual theatrical performances worldwide will increase by 40% by 2040, putting even more pressure on resources. However, experts believe that circular production models and material innovation can drive meaningful progress, keeping pace with the sweeping trend of energy conservation and emission reduction. “The future of theater is restorative and regenerative by design,” says Carter. 1. Which stage caused the most energy and waste in 2023? A. Set design and construction. B. Lighting and sound operations. C. Costume maintenance and storage. D. Transportation of props and costumes. 2. What do the four alternatives have in common? A. They require new energy. B. They use recycled materials. C. They avoid long-term pollution. D. They target fewer environmental impacts. 3. What does Carter stress regarding the future of theater? A. Sustainable and renewable. B. Wasteful and limited. C. Traditional and productive. D. Profitable and popular. B A visit to a supermarket offers various fresh produce, from vegetables to berries and fruits. Shoppers can easily pick strawberries or apples. For farmers, however, the choice is far harder. They must decide what to grow while worrying about water supply and whether they can make money — or even break even. Farming is full of uncertainties, according to mathematician Estelle Basor. Farmers face unpredictable weather, harmful pests, and the economic rule of supply and demand. For instance, overplanting strawberries can lower prices, leaving farmers unable to cover growing costs. Basor grew up in California’s Pajaro Valley, a key agricultural region. As a mathematician, she led a team to help farmers choose crops and save water. California supplies 80 percent of America’s fresh strawberries, but frequent drought and over-pumping have severely lowered underground water levels. Farmers pump water faster than rain can refill it, forcing them to consider less thirsty crops. The team collected data on water use, prices and market demand. Using computer programs, they found the best crop mix: maximum profit with minimal water. This method, called mathematical optimization, was tested on a 100-acre farm. Results showed raspberries, needing less water, were more profitable than strawberries. They cooperate with local growers to gather real data on crop sales. Such field information improves their model so it balances water use and market need for fruits grown in Pajaro Valley. The model has received positive feedback from local farmers. It aims to help farmers nationwide deal with water shortages. Thanks to Basor’s efforts, science is offering a practical way for farmers to balance water use and income. 4. What does the underlined phrase “break even” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Win great fame. B. Avoid losing money. C. Keep crop quality. D. Increase crop sales. 5. What challenge do California farmers face? A. Fierce foreign market competition. B. Declining customers’ demand. C. Insufficient water supply for crops. D. Shallow underground water. 6. How did the team help local farmers? A. By monitoring rainfall conditions. B. By offering advice on choosing crops. C. By raising crop prices for farmers. D. By teaching daily water-saving skills. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. New method for strawberry planting. B. Drought’s impact on local agriculture. C. Balancing water and profit with math. D. Approaches to raising farmers’ income. C Every year, over 14 million tons of plastic waste end up in the world’s oceans, according to the UN Environment Programme. This waste kills millions of marine animals each year, pollutes fragile coastal ecosystems, and breaks down into microplastics that enter the food chain and reach the human body. Most of this plastic comes from single-use packaging, designed for days of use but able to persist in oceans for hundreds of years. Now, scientists and startups worldwide are turning to an unlikely solution to this global crisis: fungi. At the heart of this innovation is mycelium (菌丝体), the root-like structure of fungi. Made of tiny thread-like filaments, mycelium grows by feeding on organic matter, binding into a strong, flexible, fully biodegradable material. To make fungal packaging, manufacturers use agricultural waste (wheat straw, rice husks, sawdust) as a growth medium, mix it with mycelium spores, place it into molds, and let it grow in a controlled environment for 5-7 days. It is then heat-treated to stop growth, forming a lightweight, durable packaging made without harmful chemicals, high temperatures or massive energy input. Unlike plastic that never fully breaks down, fungal packaging is 100% biodegradable. It decomposes in soil in 30 days, and most importantly, fully breaks down in seawater within 3-6 months, leaving no microplastics or toxic residues. This makes it an ideal replacement for plastic packaging used to transport seafood, cosmetics and electronics, major contributors to marine plastic pollution. Major companies worldwide are adopting the technology. A Dutch startup FungiPack uses it for seafood shipping, while Chinese firm MycoGreen produces it for electronics, reporting a 70% reduction in carbon emissions compared to plastic production. It still faces challenges: higher cost than mass-produced plastic, and poor water resistance. But with ongoing optimization, it will soon become a viable alternative to most ocean-bound plastic. “Plastic was a miracle invention, but we forgot to design materials for the end of their life,” says Dr. Jane Zhao, a Tsinghua University materials scientist. “Mycelium works with nature, not against it. That’s the future of sustainable packaging.” 8. What is the biggest advantage of fungal packaging over traditional plastic? A. It is cheaper to mass-produce. B. It can be reused many times. C. It can fully degrade in seawater. D. It has a longer service life in wet areas. 9. What can we infer about the production of fungal packaging? A. It has a lower carbon footprint than plastic. B. It depends on high-quality farmland. C. It requires a lot of fresh water and heat. D. It is more complex than plastic production. 10. What does the underlined word “viable” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Rare and valuable. B. Cheap and abundant. C. Complex and advanced. D. Practical and functional. 11. What is Dr. Zhao’s attitude towards mycelium packaging technology? A. Neutral. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Optimistic. D For decades, artificial intelligence has been designed to be confident. From chess-playing computers to medical diagnosis tools, AI systems are trained to produce a single, definitive answer. But a new wave of research suggests that the most reliable AI may actually be the one that learns to hesitate. Scientists at Stanford University have developed a framework called “Uncertainty-Aware AI” (UAI), which allows machine learning models to express when they are unsure. Instead of providing a single prediction, UAI outputs a confidence score along with multiple possible explanations. If the confidence falls below a threshold, the system flags the query for human review. In a recent trial involving radiology (放射学), UAI was tested against conventional AI systems. When analyzing chest X-rays, the conventional AI made a confident but incorrect diagnosis in 11% of ambiguous cases. UAI, by contrast, correctly identified 94% of those ambiguous cases as “uncertain” and passed them to human radiologists, reducing diagnostic errors by nearly 40%. “The traditional approach treats uncertainty as a weakness,” explains lead researcher Dr. James Chen. “But in high-stakes fields like medicine or autonomous driving, overconfidence can be dangerous. Teaching AI to recognize its limits isn’t just safer — it actually makes the system more trustworthy.” The implications extend beyond healthcare. In autonomous vehicles, for instance, a UAI system could signal when road conditions are too complex for safe self-driving, forcing a handover to the human driver. In financial trading, it could flag volatile (不稳定的) market conditions that exceed its predictive model. Despite the promise, challenges remain. UAI requires significantly more computational power and extensive training data to calibrate uncertainty accurately. Moreover, integrating such systems into existing workflows demands new protocols (规程) for when — and how — humans should step in. Nevertheless, the shift toward “humble AI” marks a philosophical departure from decades of AI development. As Dr. Chen puts it, “The smartest AI isn’t the one that always knows the answer. It’s the one that knows when it doesn’t.” 12. How is UAI different from conventional AI? A. It is only used in medicine. B. It avoids making predictions. C. It can express its uncertainty. D. It requires less computing power. 13. What did the radiology trial show about UAI? A. It outperforms human doctors. B. It reduces errors in uncertain cases. C. It is too slow for practical use. D. It fails in straightforward cases. 14. Why does the author mention autonomous vehicles? A. To compare their complexity. B. To show UAI’s wide applications. C. To argue against using AI there. D. To highlight UAI’s limitations. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Future of Medical AI B. Teaching AI to Express Uncertainty C. Why Overconfidence Harms AI D. Uncertainty: A New AI Challenge 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people view setbacks as roadblocks that stop their progress, but in reality, they can be powerful fuel for growth. If you often feel stuck after a setback and struggle to move forward, it’s time to examine your mindset and habits. ____16____ You avoid reflecting on the lessons. Setbacks carry hidden lessons, but a lot of people rush to move on without pausing to learn. ____17____ Nonetheless, do you take time to analyze what went wrong and what you could do differently? If not, you’re likely to repeat the same mistakes and miss the chance to grow stronger. You let self-doubt take over. It’s natural to feel uncertain after a failure, especially when others question your abilities. For example, you spent weeks preparing for a presentation, but it didn’t go as planned. You’ve told yourself before that you’re capable of growth, but after this failure, you start to believe you’re not good enough. ____18____ Your confidence fades, but you don’t fight against these negative thoughts. You give up too easily. Without a doubt, perseverance is valuable. ____19____ Yet giving up at the first sign of difficulty robs you of the chance to build resilience (抗逆力) . Do you abandon goals when you hit a small barrier? Is “I can’t do this” your automatic response? This habit keeps you stuck in failure, rather than letting you use it as a stepping stone. ____20____ This is a subtle but harmful habit. If you compare your progress to others’ highlights, you’ll discount your own growth and lose motivation. Your struggles are a sign you’re pushing yourself, not a sign of weakness. Your unique path matters. A. You compare your progress to others’. B. You celebrate others’ achievements openly. C. You know that pushing through hardship is the right path. D. Chances are that you know you should reflect after a failure. E. Instead of questioning these beliefs, you accept them as truth. F. But you can use the following four ways to turn setbacks into motivation. G. Be aware of the traps that may keep you from turning setbacks into motivation. 第三部分 英语运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Andrew Duhe wanted to choose a ____21____ gift to celebrate his wife Jennifer’s 40th birthday, and jewelry and flowers wouldn’t just ____22____. The couple, who serve in the Navy and raise three kids, spend every weekend volunteering at Chesapeake Animal Services, where they have ____23____ dozens of animals over the year. During one of their visits, a perfect idea ____24____ Andrew. Due to the limited ____25____ of the dog kennel (狗舍) for 40 dogs, he made a(n) ____26____ to pay the $110 adoption fees for every single one. Though it would cost $4400 in total, ____27____ treatment and vaccines (疫苗), Andrew believed the act of kindness would mean far more to Jennifer than any store-bought gift. Having recently lost their beloved dog, Sierra, Andrew hoped this ____28____ would lift her spirits, as she had always dreamed of the shelter dogs finding a forever home. Eventually, the big day arrived. Andrew gathered their children to help ____29____ the surprise. First, they gave Jennifer a _____30_____ mug (马克杯) honoring Sierra, followed by a birthday card with a heartfelt letter. “I am _____31_____ touched when reading the note”, recalled Jennifer. Kasey Gallardo, organizer from the shelter, was equally shocked, saying no one had ever shown such _____32_____ before. _____33_____ Andrew’s gift, the shelter could free up space to rescue more dogs. Jennifer called it the most _____34_____ and meaningful gift she had ever received. It truly _____35_____ the best gifts are not expensive ones, but those that come from the heart. 21. A. precious B. complicated C. generous D. reliable 22. A. leave it B. make it C. put it D. get it 23. A. admired B. enhanced C. encountered D. extended 24. A. struck B. defeated C. conducted D. stuck 25. A. relief B. capacity C. demand D. quantity 26. A. assistance B. intensity C. permission D. resolution 27. A. concerning B. following C. composing D. including 28. A. signal B. gesture C. sign D. objective 29. A. represent B. relate C. distinguish D. present 30. A. well-meant B. newly-made C. custom-tailored D. mass-produced 31. A. ultimately B. incredibly C. electrically D. potentially 32. A. generosity B. reputation C. elegance D. morality 33. A. According to B. In spite of C. Thanks to D. Regardless of 34. A. formal B. ordinary C. thoughtful D. expensive 35. A. demonstrates B. figures C. measures D. evaluates 非选择题部分 第一节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Something extraordinary is happening inside steamer baskets in Jiaodong, Shandong province. A lump of dough (一团面) goes in. ____36____ comes out is a shiny red fish, an auspicious lion or a peach the size of a child’s face. These are Jiaodong huabobo, or flower-shaped steamed buns, quietly ____37____ (serve) up a taste of Shandong life for centuries. Every step of making huabobo requires great care and patience. The main method is hand sculpting, using simple tools ____38____ scissors, chopsticks and spoons. Patterns on huabobo follow customs ____39____ (pass) down through generations. The most important part is the steaming process, which locks in the flavor ____40____ ensures the buns stay soft and fluffy. Though the traditions are long-standing, the old craft undergoes ____41____ (continue) development to fit in with modern life. Traditionally, huabobo are the storyteller for Shandong’s rituals and many family occasions. When a baby is one month old, tiger-shaped buns ____42____ (give) to the child as a good blessing for healthy growth. For the elderly celebrating their birthdays, peach-shaped buns are ____43____ must as a symbol of longevity and good health. In recent years, the buns ____44____ (gain) popularity on social media, attracting customers at home and abroad. The charm of huabobo lies in the perfect mix of tradition, creativity and the warmth of family love. It is this _____45_____ (combine) that keeps the culture of Jiaodong alive in every delicious bite. 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节(满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为“Art is Around us”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 解读主题； 2. 举例说明。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Art is Around us Art exists everywhere around us. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A fierce hurricane struck the coastal city where my aunt lived when I was nine. The wind howled wildly, tearing roofs off houses and uprooting trees. Heavy rain kept pouring down for hours, resulting in severe flooding and huge losses. Although our city was not directly hit, the strong wind and heavy rain made us share their sufferings. Unluckily, other nearby cities, however, suffered far more from the disaster. One of my most vivid memories was when I watched the evening news with my family. A reporter was broadcasting from a local stadium, which served as a temporary shelter for hurricane survivors. Thousands of homeless people crowded around him. Most were dressed in torn and muddy clothes, and worse still, many had to walk barefoot. Exhausted and heartbroken, some rested on extremely simple beds, while others could only lie on the cold hard floor, their faces full of sorrow, tiredness and hopelessness. The impact of the hurricane was worse than I expected. “Did the terrible hurricane drive them away from their homes?” I asked curiously. My mom nodded gently and sighed. “Yes, Hector. All these people are from New Orleans. The powerful storm ruined their homes and possessions. Sadly, many of them have lost everything they once owned. For the time being, the stadium works as their temporary home. It is a place for them to stay until it becomes safe enough to return to their own hometowns.” As I kept staring at the TV screen, a little boy immediately caught my eye. He was sitting alone in a quiet corner of the stadium, holding an old, dirty teddy bear tightly in his arms. His pale face was filled with fear and loneliness, as if the worn toy was his only comfort left after the disaster. I seemed to feel his deep sorrow right through the screen. Right then and there, I made up my mind to do something, with that poor little boy as my first concern. 注意： (1) 写作词数应为150左右; (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, my friends and I gathered at our volunteer club. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When we entered the stadium with our gifts, I quickly spotted the shy little boy. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025~2026学年度第二学期期末考试 高一英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5mm黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置贴好条形码。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用黑色碳素笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a school. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore. 2. What will the man do? A. Attend an interview. B. Work on a farm. C. Stay in the city. 3. Why does the man suggest taking the bus? A. To save cost. B. To visit a museum. C. To be quicker. 4. What’s the man’s attitude toward the woman’s behavior? A. Disapproving. B. Unconcerned. C. Understanding. 5. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Track strangers’ photos. B. Share photos with friends. C. Post photos without locations. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the main goal of Tom’s project? A. To research the usage of apps. B. To show how apps help seniors. C. To prepare for a science festival. 7. What will Tom probably do next? A. Visit the woman’s grandma. B. Contact the community center. C. Download more research papers. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What do most paintings feature? A. Natural landscapes. B. Special styles. C. City scenes. 9. How much will the man pay in total? A. $36. B. $45. C. $54. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Neighbors. C. A couple. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What honor did Kenny receive this year? A. Winning eight artist honors. B. Having thirty-three hit songs. C. Entering the Country Music Hall of Fame. 12. What do we know about Kenny in his early years? A. Born in a big city. B. Inspired by a live show. C. Raised by one parent. 13. What is the feature of Kenny’s music? A. Rock and island rhythms. B. Pure traditional country. C. Mixed music styles. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. Why will a separate bike lane be built? A. To keep cyclists safe. B. To relieve traffic jam. C. To replace warning signs. 15. Who is the woman most likely to be? A. A traffic expert. B. A meeting participant. C. A committee member. 16. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Conflicts between drivers and cyclists. B. The design problems of a particular road. C. A new safety measure and related debates. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What was the most satisfying part of the flight for the man? A. Enough legroom. B. Large-sized aircraft. C. Multi-language videos. 18. What made the airport highly convenient? A. Fast entry process. B. Free travel guides. C. Professional staff service. 19. What impressed the man most about Beijing? A. Ancient hutongs. B. City management. C. Old meets new. 20. How will the man spend his time in Beijing later? A. Learn services. B. Visit airports. C. Explore the city. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节：（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Designing and performing theatrical productions leaves a notable environmental footprint. Here’s a breakdown of the energy consumption and waste generation in 2023 across different stages of a typical play’s production cycle. Making theater more sustainable isn’t just about cutting energy use — it’s also about reimagining production supplies. While no universal “eco-theater” solution exists, a range of green alternatives are emerging. SET MATERIALS Reclaimed wood and modular props (模块化道具). Sourced from recycled construction waste or reusable parts, they cut down on post-show set waste. COSTUMES Upcycled clothing. Repurposed from secondhand stores or old fabrics, they avoid the environmental cost of manufacturing new costumes and lower textile waste. LIGHTING LED stage lights. Using 75% less energy than traditional stage lights and lasting longer, they reduce both energy consumption and replacement waste. PROPS Biodegradable (可生物降解的) accessories. Made from materials like paper, bamboo, or natural fibers, they decompose easily after use, avoiding long-term landfill pollution. This shift toward sustainable theater is global, and the extent of transformation is “unlike anything we’ve seen before,” says Liam Carter, a renowned theater director. It’s estimated that the number of annual theatrical performances worldwide will increase by 40% by 2040, putting even more pressure on resources. However, experts believe that circular production models and material innovation can drive meaningful progress, keeping pace with the sweeping trend of energy conservation and emission reduction. “The future of theater is restorative and regenerative by design,” says Carter. 1. Which stage caused the most energy and waste in 2023? A. Set design and construction. B. Lighting and sound operations. C. Costume maintenance and storage. D. Transportation of props and costumes. 2. What do the four alternatives have in common? A. They require new energy. B. They use recycled materials. C. They avoid long-term pollution. D. They target fewer environmental impacts. 3. What does Carter stress regarding the future of theater? A. Sustainable and renewable. B. Wasteful and limited. C. Traditional and productive. D. Profitable and popular. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述戏剧制作存在环保压力及各类绿色可持续改良方案。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表柱状高度，“Lighting and sound operations(灯光与音响运行)”占比最高，以及第一段 “Here’s a breakdown of the energy consumption and waste generation in 2023 across different stages of a typical play’s production cycle.(下图拆解了2023年一台常规戏剧制作全流程各环节的能耗与废弃物产生情况。)” 可知，灯光音响环节能耗废弃物最多。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据SET MATERIALS部分“Reclaimed wood and modular props (模块化道具). Sourced from recycled construction waste or reusable parts, they cut down on post-show set waste.(回收木材与模块化道具，取材于建筑垃圾或可重复利用构件，能减少演出后的舞台布景垃圾。)”、COSTUMES部分“Upcycled clothing. Repurposed from secondhand stores or old fabrics, they avoid the environmental cost of manufacturing new costumes and lower textile waste.(升级改造旧服饰，改造二手衣物或旧面料，省去制作新戏服的环境成本，减少纺织废料。)”、LIGHTING部分“LED stage lights. Using 75% less energy than traditional stage lights and lasting longer, they reduce both energy consumption and replacement waste.(LED 舞台灯，相比传统灯具节能75%、使用寿命更长，同时降低能耗与更换产生的废弃物。)”、PROPS部分“Biodegradable (可生物降解的) accessories. Made from materials like paper, bamboo, or natural fibers, they decompose easily after use, avoiding long-term landfill pollution.(可降解道具配饰，用纸、竹子、天然纤维制成，使用后易分解，避免长期填埋污染。)”可知，四项举措均是为降低环境负面影响。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The future of theater is restorative and regenerative by design,(戏剧的未来从设计层面就具备修复环境、循环再生的特质。)”可知，Carter强调戏剧的未来是可持续和可再生的。 B A visit to a supermarket offers various fresh produce, from vegetables to berries and fruits. Shoppers can easily pick strawberries or apples. For farmers, however, the choice is far harder. They must decide what to grow while worrying about water supply and whether they can make money — or even break even. Farming is full of uncertainties, according to mathematician Estelle Basor. Farmers face unpredictable weather, harmful pests, and the economic rule of supply and demand. For instance, overplanting strawberries can lower prices, leaving farmers unable to cover growing costs. Basor grew up in California’s Pajaro Valley, a key agricultural region. As a mathematician, she led a team to help farmers choose crops and save water. California supplies 80 percent of America’s fresh strawberries, but frequent drought and over-pumping have severely lowered underground water levels. Farmers pump water faster than rain can refill it, forcing them to consider less thirsty crops. The team collected data on water use, prices and market demand. Using computer programs, they found the best crop mix: maximum profit with minimal water. This method, called mathematical optimization, was tested on a 100-acre farm. Results showed raspberries, needing less water, were more profitable than strawberries. They cooperate with local growers to gather real data on crop sales. Such field information improves their model so it balances water use and market need for fruits grown in Pajaro Valley. The model has received positive feedback from local farmers. It aims to help farmers nationwide deal with water shortages. Thanks to Basor’s efforts, science is offering a practical way for farmers to balance water use and income. 4. What does the underlined phrase “break even” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Win great fame. B. Avoid losing money. C. Keep crop quality. D. Increase crop sales. 5. What challenge do California farmers face? A. Fierce foreign market competition. B. Declining customers’ demand. C. Insufficient water supply for crops. D. Shallow underground water. 6. How did the team help local farmers? A. By monitoring rainfall conditions. B. By offering advice on choosing crops. C. By raising crop prices for farmers. D. By teaching daily water-saving skills. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. New method for strawberry planting. B. Drought’s impact on local agriculture. C. Balancing water and profit with math. D. Approaches to raising farmers’ income. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍数学家团队利用数学优化模型，帮助加州农户兼顾节水需求与种植收益，科学解决农业种植难题。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“They must decide what to grow while worrying about water supply and whether they can make money — or even break even.(农民必须决定种植作物，同时担忧供水问题，以及能否盈利、甚至能否break even。)”可知，前文提及农民种地需要考虑赚钱，结合递进关系可推知，break even比盈利要求更低，指收支相抵、不亏不赚，也就是避免亏损。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“California supplies 80 percent of America’s fresh strawberries, but frequent drought and over-pumping have severely lowered underground water levels. Farmers pump water faster than rain can refill it, forcing them to consider less thirsty crops.(加利福尼亚供应美国百分之八十的新鲜草莓，但频繁干旱和过度抽水已经严重降低了地下水位。农民抽水的速度比雨水能够补充它的速度更快，迫使他们去考虑需水量更少的作物。)”可知，加州农民面临农作物种植供水不足的难题。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a mathematician, she led a team to help farmers choose crops and save water.(作为一名数学家，她带领团队帮助农民选择合适作物、节约水资源。)”可知，该团队通过数据分析，为农户提供选种方面的专业建议，助力节水增收。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中的“Using computer programs, they found the best crop mix: maximum profit with minimal water. This method, called mathematical optimization, was tested on a 100-acre farm.(团队借助计算机程序，找到了最优作物搭配方案，实现用水最少、收益最高，这套方法被称作数学优化法，并在百亩农场完成测试。)”可知，文章主要讲述数学家利用数学优化方法，帮助农民平衡农业用水消耗与种植收益，解决农业种植的不确定性难题。 C Every year, over 14 million tons of plastic waste end up in the world’s oceans, according to the UN Environment Programme. This waste kills millions of marine animals each year, pollutes fragile coastal ecosystems, and breaks down into microplastics that enter the food chain and reach the human body. Most of this plastic comes from single-use packaging, designed for days of use but able to persist in oceans for hundreds of years. Now, scientists and startups worldwide are turning to an unlikely solution to this global crisis: fungi. At the heart of this innovation is mycelium (菌丝体), the root-like structure of fungi. Made of tiny thread-like filaments, mycelium grows by feeding on organic matter, binding into a strong, flexible, fully biodegradable material. To make fungal packaging, manufacturers use agricultural waste (wheat straw, rice husks, sawdust) as a growth medium, mix it with mycelium spores, place it into molds, and let it grow in a controlled environment for 5-7 days. It is then heat-treated to stop growth, forming a lightweight, durable packaging made without harmful chemicals, high temperatures or massive energy input. Unlike plastic that never fully breaks down, fungal packaging is 100% biodegradable. It decomposes in soil in 30 days, and most importantly, fully breaks down in seawater within 3-6 months, leaving no microplastics or toxic residues. This makes it an ideal replacement for plastic packaging used to transport seafood, cosmetics and electronics, major contributors to marine plastic pollution. Major companies worldwide are adopting the technology. A Dutch startup FungiPack uses it for seafood shipping, while Chinese firm MycoGreen produces it for electronics, reporting a 70% reduction in carbon emissions compared to plastic production. It still faces challenges: higher cost than mass-produced plastic, and poor water resistance. But with ongoing optimization, it will soon become a viable alternative to most ocean-bound plastic. “Plastic was a miracle invention, but we forgot to design materials for the end of their life,” says Dr. Jane Zhao, a Tsinghua University materials scientist. “Mycelium works with nature, not against it. That’s the future of sustainable packaging.” 8. What is the biggest advantage of fungal packaging over traditional plastic? A. It is cheaper to mass-produce. B. It can be reused many times. C. It can fully degrade in seawater. D. It has a longer service life in wet areas. 9. What can we infer about the production of fungal packaging? A. It has a lower carbon footprint than plastic. B. It depends on high-quality farmland. C. It requires a lot of fresh water and heat. D. It is more complex than plastic production. 10. What does the underlined word “viable” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Rare and valuable. B. Cheap and abundant. C. Complex and advanced. D. Practical and functional. 11. What is Dr. Zhao’s attitude towards mycelium packaging technology? A. Neutral. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Optimistic. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一种真菌可降解包装，这是针对海洋塑料污染的替代方案，它的应用前景乐观。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Unlike plastic that never fully breaks down, fungal packaging is 100% biodegradable. It decomposes in soil in 30 days, and most importantly, fully breaks down in seawater within 3-6 months, leaving no microplastics or toxic residues.(与塑料不同，塑料永远不会完全分解，而真菌包装则是100%可生物降解的。它在土壤中30天内就会分解，更重要的是，在海水中3至6个月内就能完全分解，不会留下微塑料或有毒残留物)”可知，与传统的塑料包装相比，真菌包装的最大优势是它在海水中能够完全分解。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“A Dutch startup FungiPack uses it for seafood shipping, while Chinese firm MycoGreen produces it for electronics, reporting a 70% reduction in carbon emissions compared to plastic production.(荷兰的一家初创企业FungiPack将其用于海鲜运输，而中国的企业MycoGreen则将其用于电子产品包装，据称其碳排放量较塑料生产减少了 70%)”可知，真菌包装的碳足迹比塑料要小。故选A。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“It still faces challenges: higher cost than mass-produced plastic, and poor water resistance. But with ongoing optimization(它仍面临一些挑战：成本高于批量生产的塑料，且防水性能不佳。但随着持续的优化)”及下文“alternative to most ocean-bound plastic(替代大多数可能流入海洋的塑料)”可知，虽然真菌包装面临挑战，但是在优化下，会成为一重实用且功能性强的替代方案。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Dr. Jane Zhao说的话“Mycelium works with nature, not against it. That’s the future of sustainable packaging.(“菌丝体”与自然和谐共存，而非与之对抗。这便是可持续包装的未来发展方向)”可知，赵教授认为菌丝体包装技术的未来是积极的，可观的。故选D。 D For decades, artificial intelligence has been designed to be confident. From chess-playing computers to medical diagnosis tools, AI systems are trained to produce a single, definitive answer. But a new wave of research suggests that the most reliable AI may actually be the one that learns to hesitate. Scientists at Stanford University have developed a framework called “Uncertainty-Aware AI” (UAI), which allows machine learning models to express when they are unsure. Instead of providing a single prediction, UAI outputs a confidence score along with multiple possible explanations. If the confidence falls below a threshold, the system flags the query for human review. In a recent trial involving radiology (放射学), UAI was tested against conventional AI systems. When analyzing chest X-rays, the conventional AI made a confident but incorrect diagnosis in 11% of ambiguous cases. UAI, by contrast, correctly identified 94% of those ambiguous cases as “uncertain” and passed them to human radiologists, reducing diagnostic errors by nearly 40%. “The traditional approach treats uncertainty as a weakness,” explains lead researcher Dr. James Chen. “But in high-stakes fields like medicine or autonomous driving, overconfidence can be dangerous. Teaching AI to recognize its limits isn’t just safer — it actually makes the system more trustworthy.” The implications extend beyond healthcare. In autonomous vehicles, for instance, a UAI system could signal when road conditions are too complex for safe self-driving, forcing a handover to the human driver. In financial trading, it could flag volatile (不稳定的) market conditions that exceed its predictive model. Despite the promise, challenges remain. UAI requires significantly more computational power and extensive training data to calibrate uncertainty accurately. Moreover, integrating such systems into existing workflows demands new protocols (规程) for when — and how — humans should step in. Nevertheless, the shift toward “humble AI” marks a philosophical departure from decades of AI development. As Dr. Chen puts it, “The smartest AI isn’t the one that always knows the answer. It’s the one that knows when it doesn’t.” 12. How is UAI different from conventional AI? A. It is only used in medicine. B. It avoids making predictions. C. It can express its uncertainty. D. It requires less computing power. 13. What did the radiology trial show about UAI? A. It outperforms human doctors. B. It reduces errors in uncertain cases. C. It is too slow for practical use. D. It fails in straightforward cases. 14. Why does the author mention autonomous vehicles? A. To compare their complexity. B. To show UAI’s wide applications. C. To argue against using AI there. D. To highlight UAI’s limitations. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Future of Medical AI B. Teaching AI to Express Uncertainty C. Why Overconfidence Harms AI D. Uncertainty: A New AI Challenge 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍斯坦福大学开发的“不确定性感知AI”框架，该框架允许AI表达不确定，在医疗、自动驾驶等领域具有重要应用价值。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists at Stanford University have developed a framework called “Uncertainty-Aware AI” (UAI), which allows machine learning models to express when they are unsure.(斯坦福大学的科学家们开发了一种名为“不确定性感知人工智能”（UAI）的框架，该框架使机器学习模型能够表明自身在某些情况下的不确定程度)”可知，不确定性感知人工智能能够表达自身的不确定性。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“When analyzing chest X-rays, the conventional AI made a confident but incorrect diagnosis in 11% of ambiguous cases. UAI, by contrast, correctly identified 94% of those ambiguous cases as “uncertain” and passed them to human radiologists, reducing diagnostic errors by nearly 40%.(在分析胸部X光片时，传统的人工智能在11%的模糊病例中做出了自信但错误的诊断。相比之下，UAI能正确将94%的这些模糊病例判定为“不确定”，并将它们转交给人类放射科医生，从而将诊断错误减少了近40%)”可知，放射学试验让UAI能在不确定的情况下减少错误。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The implications extend beyond healthcare. In autonomous vehicles, for instance, a UAI system could signal when road conditions are too complex for safe self-driving, forcing a handover to the human driver. In financial trading, it could flag volatile (不稳定的) market conditions that exceed its predictive model.(其影响不仅限于医疗领域。例如在自动驾驶汽车中，一个人工智能辅助系统能够提示当道路状况过于复杂以至于无法实现安全自动驾驶时，应将控制权交还给人类驾驶员。在金融交易中，它还能识别超出其预测模型范围的不稳定市场状况)”可知，作者提及自动驾驶汽车是为了展示人工智能的广泛应用。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Nevertheless, the shift toward “humble AI” marks a philosophical departure from decades of AI development. As Dr. Chen puts it, “The smartest AI isn’t the one that always knows the answer. It’s the one that knows when it doesn’t.”(然而，向“谦逊型人工智能”的转变标志着与数十年来人工智能发展进程的观念性决裂。正如陈博士所说：“最聪明的人工智能并非那种总是能给出答案的类型。而是那种知道自己无法给出答案时的那种类型。”)”以及文章开篇指出传统AI“过度自信”的问题，随后介绍斯坦福大学UAI框架——让AI学会表达不确定性，通过放射学试验验证其优势并拓展应用场景，最后点明“知道何时不知道的AI才是智能的”，全文核心围绕“教AI表达不确定性”展开。B选项“教授人工智能表达不确定性”最符合文章标题。故选B。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people view setbacks as roadblocks that stop their progress, but in reality, they can be powerful fuel for growth. If you often feel stuck after a setback and struggle to move forward, it’s time to examine your mindset and habits. ____16____ You avoid reflecting on the lessons. Setbacks carry hidden lessons, but a lot of people rush to move on without pausing to learn. ____17____ Nonetheless, do you take time to analyze what went wrong and what you could do differently? If not, you’re likely to repeat the same mistakes and miss the chance to grow stronger. You let self-doubt take over. It’s natural to feel uncertain after a failure, especially when others question your abilities. For example, you spent weeks preparing for a presentation, but it didn’t go as planned. You’ve told yourself before that you’re capable of growth, but after this failure, you start to believe you’re not good enough. ____18____ Your confidence fades, but you don’t fight against these negative thoughts. You give up too easily. Without a doubt, perseverance is valuable. ____19____ Yet giving up at the first sign of difficulty robs you of the chance to build resilience (抗逆力) . Do you abandon goals when you hit a small barrier? Is “I can’t do this” your automatic response? This habit keeps you stuck in failure, rather than letting you use it as a stepping stone. ____20____ This is a subtle but harmful habit. If you compare your progress to others’ highlights, you’ll discount your own growth and lose motivation. Your struggles are a sign you’re pushing yourself, not a sign of weakness. Your unique path matters. A. You compare your progress to others’. B. You celebrate others’ achievements openly. C. You know that pushing through hardship is the right path. D. Chances are that you know you should reflect after a failure. E. Instead of questioning these beliefs, you accept them as truth. F. But you can use the following four ways to turn setbacks into motivation. G. Be aware of the traps that may keep you from turning setbacks into motivation. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. E 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍四种阻碍人们将挫折转化为成长动力的思维陷阱与坏习惯，阐释其危害并引导读者改正心态、借力挫折成长。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“Many people view setbacks as roadblocks that stop their progress, but in reality, they can be powerful fuel for growth. If you often feel stuck after a setback and struggle to move forward, it’s time to examine your mindset and habits.(很多人把挫折视为阻碍前进的绊脚石，但实际上挫折可以成为成长的强大动力。如果你常常在受挫后停滞不前、难以继续前行，那就该审视自己的心态和习惯了。)”以及下文分段介绍的四种负面思维误区可知，文章首段提出要正视挫折、自查问题，空格处需要总领全文，引出下文所有阻碍成长的错误习惯。G选项“Be aware of the traps that may keep you from turning setbacks into motivation (警惕那些可能阻碍你将挫折转化为动力的陷阱)”承接上文审视自我心态的观点，精准引出下文四个具体的思维陷阱，起到承上启下、统领全篇的作用，逻辑紧密，符合语境。 【17题详解】 根据空前的“Setbacks carry hidden lessons, but a lot of people rush to move on without pausing to learn.(挫折中暗藏经验教训，但很多人急于翻篇，不愿停下来总结、学习。)” 以及空后的“Nonetheless, do you take time to analyze what went wrong and what you could do differently? If not, you’re likely to repeat the same mistakes and miss the chance to grow stronger.(即便如此，你是否会花时间分析问题、反思改进？如果不会，就容易重蹈覆辙、错失成长机会。)”可知，上下文构成转折关系，强调人们明知该反思却从不反思的普遍问题。D 选项“Chances are that you know you should reflect after a failure (你很可能知道失败过后应该自我反思)”先点明人们普遍具备的正确认知，与后文实际不作为形成强烈反差，完美衔接转折逻辑，贴合本段“拒绝复盘反思”的中心，符合语境。 【18题详解】 根据空前的“You’ve told yourself before that you’re capable of growth, but after this failure, you start to believe you’re not good enough.(你原本相信自己可以成长进步，但经历失败后，开始认为自己不够优秀。)”以及空后的“Your confidence fades, but you don’t fight against these negative thoughts.(你的自信心逐渐消退，却不会主动对抗这些消极想法。)”可知，空格处需要详细衔接自我怀疑、消极想法扎根内心的过程。E选项“Instead of questioning these beliefs, you accept them as truth (你不去质疑这些消极的想法，反而把它们当成既定事实全盘接受)”详细解释了自信心消退的根本原因，承接前文自我否定的心理，呼应后文任由负面情绪蔓延的状态，逻辑连贯，符合语境。 【19题详解】 根据空前的“Without a doubt, perseverance is valuable.(毫无疑问，坚持不懈、持之以恒是非常可贵的品质。)”以及空后的“Yet giving up at the first sign of difficulty robs you of the chance to build resilience (抗逆力).(然而一遇到困难就轻言放弃，会让你错失培养抗挫折能力的机会。)”可知，前后存在语义转折，前文肯定坚持的意义，后文批判轻易放弃的行为。C选项“You know that pushing through hardship is the right path (你心里清楚迎难而上、克服困难才是正确的做法)”先点明大众的正确认知，与后文错误的放弃行为形成鲜明对比，突出知行不合一的问题，贴合本段主题，符合语境。 【20题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处为段落小标题，与前文“You avoid reflecting on the lessons.”以及“You let self-doubt take over.”等小标题句式结构完全一致，均为总结错误习惯的短句。根据空后的“This is a subtle but harmful habit. If you compare your progress to others’ highlights, you’ll discount your own growth and lose motivation.(这是一种隐蔽但有害的习惯。如果你拿自己的进度和他人的高光时刻作比较，就会低估自己的成长、丧失前进动力。)”可知，本段全程围绕与人攀比的不良习惯展开论述。A选项“You compare your progress to others’. (你拿自己的成长进度和他人作比较)”句式工整统一，精准概括本段核心误区，统领整段内容，符合语境。 第三部分 英语运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Andrew Duhe wanted to choose a ____21____ gift to celebrate his wife Jennifer’s 40th birthday, and jewelry and flowers wouldn’t just ____22____. The couple, who serve in the Navy and raise three kids, spend every weekend volunteering at Chesapeake Animal Services, where they have ____23____ dozens of animals over the year. During one of their visits, a perfect idea ____24____ Andrew. Due to the limited ____25____ of the dog kennel (狗舍) for 40 dogs, he made a(n) ____26____ to pay the $110 adoption fees for every single one. Though it would cost $4400 in total, ____27____ treatment and vaccines (疫苗), Andrew believed the act of kindness would mean far more to Jennifer than any store-bought gift. Having recently lost their beloved dog, Sierra, Andrew hoped this ____28____ would lift her spirits, as she had always dreamed of the shelter dogs finding a forever home. Eventually, the big day arrived. Andrew gathered their children to help ____29____ the surprise. First, they gave Jennifer a _____30_____ mug (马克杯) honoring Sierra, followed by a birthday card with a heartfelt letter. “I am _____31_____ touched when reading the note”, recalled Jennifer. Kasey Gallardo, organizer from the shelter, was equally shocked, saying no one had ever shown such _____32_____ before. _____33_____ Andrew’s gift, the shelter could free up space to rescue more dogs. Jennifer called it the most _____34_____ and meaningful gift she had ever received. It truly _____35_____ the best gifts are not expensive ones, but those that come from the heart. 21. A. precious B. complicated C. generous D. reliable 22. A. leave it B. make it C. put it D. get it 23. A. admired B. enhanced C. encountered D. extended 24. A. struck B. defeated C. conducted D. stuck 25. A. relief B. capacity C. demand D. quantity 26. A. assistance B. intensity C. permission D. resolution 27. A. concerning B. following C. composing D. including 28. A. signal B. gesture C. sign D. objective 29. A. represent B. relate C. distinguish D. present 30. A. well-meant B. newly-made C. custom-tailored D. mass-produced 31. A. ultimately B. incredibly C. electrically D. potentially 32. A. generosity B. reputation C. elegance D. morality 33. A. According to B. In spite of C. Thanks to D. Regardless of 34. A. formal B. ordinary C. thoughtful D. expensive 35. A. demonstrates B. figures C. measures D. evaluates 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述安德鲁为喜爱动物的妻子准备特殊生日礼物，全额承担收容所狗狗领养费，这份走心善举打动所有人。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：安德鲁·杜赫想挑选一份珍贵的礼物庆祝妻子詹妮弗的四十岁生日，珠宝和鲜花根本达不到预期。A. precious珍贵的；B. complicated复杂的；C. generous慷慨的；D. reliable可靠的。根据后文“Andrew believed the act of kindness would mean far more to Jennifer than any store-bought gift”可知，普通的商店礼物意义浅薄，他想要一份意义非凡、格外珍贵的礼物。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：安德鲁·杜赫想挑选一份珍贵的礼物庆祝妻子詹妮弗的四十岁生日，珠宝和鲜花根本达不到预期。A. leave it顺其自然；B. make it满足需求、达标；C. put it放置；D. get it明白。根据前文“Andrew Duhe wanted to choose a _____ gift”可知，他想要一份特殊有意义的礼物，常规的珠宝、鲜花无法满足他的心意，达不到预期效果。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：夫妻二人服役于海军，养育三个孩子，每个周末都在切萨皮克动物服务中心做志愿者，一年里他们在这里遇见了几十只小动物。A. admired欣赏；B. enhanced提升；C. encountered遇见；D. extended延伸。根据前文“spend every weekend volunteering at Chesapeake Animal Services”可知，夫妻俩长期在动物收容所做志愿工作，常年接触并遇见大量流浪动物。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：一次探访期间，安德鲁灵光一闪，想到了一个绝佳主意。A. struck突然想到；B. defeated击败；C. conducted实施；D. stuck卡住。根据后文“he made a(n) _______ to pay the $110 adoption fees for every single one.”可知，在收容所探访时，他突然萌生了为所有狗狗支付领养费的想法，an idea struck sb.表示“某人突然想到主意”。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：由于可容纳四十只狗狗的狗舍空间容量有限，他下定决心支付每只狗狗110美元的领养费。A. relief宽慰；B. capacity容量、容纳量；C. demand需求；D. quantity数量。根据后文“the shelter could free up space to rescue more dogs”可知，狗舍的容纳空间有限，狗狗被领养后才能腾出位置，此处指狗舍容纳容量。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：由于可容纳四十只狗狗的狗舍空间容量有限，他下定决心支付每只狗狗110美元的领养费。A. assistance帮助；B. intensity强度；C. permission许可；D. resolution决心、决定。根据后文“Though it would cost $4400 in total”可知，他明知此次善举花费高昂，依旧坚定地做出了决定，make a resolution意为“下定决心、做出决议”。 【27题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管总费用为4400美元，包含诊疗与疫苗开销，安德鲁仍相信这份善举比任何商店购买的礼物对詹妮弗意义更重大。A. concerning关于；B. following跟随；C. composing组成；D. including包含。根据前文“$4400 in total”以及后文 “treatment and vaccines (疫苗)”可知，四千四百美元这笔总开销涵盖医疗、疫苗两类支出，including用于引出包含在内的项目。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：夫妻俩刚痛失爱犬塞拉，安德鲁希望这份善意举动能让妻子振作，她一直期盼收容所的狗狗都能找到永久的家。A. signal信号；B. gesture姿态；C. sign迹象；D. objective目标。根据前文“pay the $110 adoption fees for every single one” 可知，全额承担领养费是表达心意的善意行为，gesture可指代传递情感、善意的举动。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：终于到了生日当天，安德鲁召集孩子们帮忙送出这份惊喜。A. represent代表；B. relate联系；C. distinguish区分；D. present赠送、呈现。根据后文“First, they gave Jennifer a ________ mug (马克杯) honoring Sierra, followed by a birthday card with a heartfelt letter.”可知，一家人依次拿出礼品送给妻子。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：首先，他们送给詹妮弗一个纪念塞拉的定制马克杯，随后附上一封饱含真情的生日贺卡。A. well-meant善意的；B. newly-made新制作的；C. custom-tailored定制的；D. mass-produced批量生产的。根据后文“honoring Sierra”可知，这个马克杯专门用来纪念自家逝去的狗狗，属于专属定制、独一无二的杯子，并非工厂批量生产的商品。 【31题详解】 考查副词。句意：詹妮弗回忆道：“读到信里的文字时，我内心无比动容。”A. ultimately最终；B. incredibly极其、非常；C. electrically用电地；D. potentially潜在地。根据后文“Jennifer called it the most _____ and meaningful gift she had ever received”可知，这份礼物让她深受触动，incredibly用来大幅度强化感动的程度。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：收容所负责人凯西·加拉多同样十分震惊，她说从来没有人展现过这般慷慨之举。A. generosity慷慨；B. reputation名声；C. elegance优雅；D. morality道德。根据前文“it would cost $4400 in total, ______ treatment and vaccines”可知，安德鲁自掏高额费用救助所有收容所狗狗，充分体现出极大的慷慨。 【33题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：多亏安德鲁送出的这份礼物，收容所得以腾出空间救助更多狗狗。A. According to根据；B. In spite of尽管；C. Thanks to多亏、由于；D. Regardless of不管。根据前文“he made a(n) ______ to pay the $110 adoption fees for every single one”可知，安德鲁承担所有狗狗的领养费用，狗狗被领养后收容所就能空出场地，这件事是后文腾出空间救助更多狗狗的原因。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：詹妮弗称这是她收到过最贴心、最有意义的礼物。A. formal正式的；B. ordinary普通的；C. thoughtful贴心的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据前文“The couple, who serve in the Navy and raise three kids, spend every weekend volunteering at Chesapeake Animal Services”以及“she had always dreamed of the shelter dogs finding a forever home”可知，这份礼物贴合妻子热爱动物的心愿，十分用心体贴，同时后文“and meaningful gift she had ever received”也侧面印证这份礼物饱含心意。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：这件事真切证明，最好的礼物从不是昂贵的东西，而是发自内心的心意。A. demonstrates证明；B. figures计算；C. measures衡量；D. evaluates评估。根据前文安德鲁没有选择珠宝鲜花，而是贴合妻子救助动物的心愿自费支付狗狗领养费这件暖心往事，结合后文“the best gifts are not expensive ones, but those that come from the heart”可知，整个故事印证了后文这句道理。 非选择题部分 第一节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Something extraordinary is happening inside steamer baskets in Jiaodong, Shandong province. A lump of dough (一团面) goes in. ____36____ comes out is a shiny red fish, an auspicious lion or a peach the size of a child’s face. These are Jiaodong huabobo, or flower-shaped steamed buns, quietly ____37____ (serve) up a taste of Shandong life for centuries. Every step of making huabobo requires great care and patience. The main method is hand sculpting, using simple tools ____38____ scissors, chopsticks and spoons. Patterns on huabobo follow customs ____39____ (pass) down through generations. The most important part is the steaming process, which locks in the flavor ____40____ ensures the buns stay soft and fluffy. Though the traditions are long-standing, the old craft undergoes ____41____ (continue) development to fit in with modern life. Traditionally, huabobo are the storyteller for Shandong’s rituals and many family occasions. When a baby is one month old, tiger-shaped buns ____42____ (give) to the child as a good blessing for healthy growth. For the elderly celebrating their birthdays, peach-shaped buns are ____43____ must as a symbol of longevity and good health. In recent years, the buns ____44____ (gain) popularity on social media, attracting customers at home and abroad. The charm of huabobo lies in the perfect mix of tradition, creativity and the warmth of family love. It is this _____45_____ (combine) that keeps the culture of Jiaodong alive in every delicious bite. 【答案】36. What 37. serving 38. like 39. passed 40. and 41. continuous 42. are given 43. a 44. have gained 45. combination 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍山东胶东花饽饽的制作工艺、民俗寓意、现代发展以及文化传承价值。 【36题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：一团面团放进去，出来的是色泽鲜亮的红鱼、寓意吉祥的狮子或是孩童脸蛋大小的寿桃。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语且指代事物，意为“……的东西”，所以用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些就是胶东花饽饽，数百年来默默呈现着山东的生活味道。此处为非谓语动词作状语，serve与逻辑主语Jiaodong huabobo之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词serving作状语。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：主要的制作方式是手工塑形，使用剪刀、筷子和勺子等简单工具。此处用于列举事物，意为“像、例如”，所以此处为介词like。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：花饽饽上的图案遵循代代相传的民俗。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，pass与逻辑主语customs之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词passed。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：最重要的步骤是蒸制工序，这一步锁住风味并保证饽饽松软蓬松。此处连接两个并列的谓语动词locks和ensures，表并列顺承关系，所以用并列连词and。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虽然这项传统历史悠久，但这门古老工艺在不断发展，以适配现代生活。此处修饰名词development，需要形容词作定语，continue对应的形容词continuous意为“连续不断的”。 【42题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：婴儿满月时，人们会送上老虎造型的饽饽，祝福孩子健康成长。此处为谓语动词，主语tiger-shaped buns与give之间为被动关系，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，所以谓语动词为are given。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：为老人祝寿时，桃子造型的饽饽是必备之物，象征着长寿安康。must为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示“一件必备的事物”，为泛指，且must是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：近年来，这些饽饽在社交媒体上走红，吸引了国内外的消费者。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语In recent years可知，此处强调从过去到现在的情况，要用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语the buns是复数，所以谓语动词为have gained。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：正是这种结合，让胶东的文化在每一口美味中延续生机。本句是强调句，被强调部分是句子主语，this后需要用名词，combine的名词形式是combination，意为“结合，联合”。 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节(满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为“Art is Around us”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 解读主题； 2. 举例说明。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Art is Around us Art exists everywhere around us. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Art is Around us Art exists everywhere around us. People assume that visiting museums is the only way to appreciate art; however, art serves as a common expression of beauty and creativity in our daily life. Numerous examples can be found in our surroundings. In my city, young people are painting beautiful pictures on buildings and trees. Although some individuals disapprove of graffiti, I believe it adds colors to urban landscape. Gardeners are trimming trees into interesting shapes, such as animals or clouds. Additionally, construction workers are building impressive and original structures in every neighborhood. Let’s open our eyes and hearts to discover this hidden beauty and feel its charm in life. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份撰写一篇题为“Art is Around us”的英语演讲稿，解读生活处处有艺术的主题，并结合生活实例进行举例说明。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 欣赏：appreciate → admire 充当：serve as → act as 大量的：numerous → massive 此外：additionally → furthermore 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Numerous examples can be found in our surroundings. 拓展句：It is in our surroundings that numerous examples can be found. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】People assume that visiting museums is the only way to appreciate art; however, art serves as a common expression of beauty and creativity in our daily life.（运用that引导宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】Although some individuals disapprove of graffiti, I believe it adds colors to urban landscape.（运用although引导让步状语从句和省略连接词that的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A fierce hurricane struck the coastal city where my aunt lived when I was nine. The wind howled wildly, tearing roofs off houses and uprooting trees. Heavy rain kept pouring down for hours, resulting in severe flooding and huge losses. Although our city was not directly hit, the strong wind and heavy rain made us share their sufferings. Unluckily, other nearby cities, however, suffered far more from the disaster. One of my most vivid memories was when I watched the evening news with my family. A reporter was broadcasting from a local stadium, which served as a temporary shelter for hurricane survivors. Thousands of homeless people crowded around him. Most were dressed in torn and muddy clothes, and worse still, many had to walk barefoot. Exhausted and heartbroken, some rested on extremely simple beds, while others could only lie on the cold hard floor, their faces full of sorrow, tiredness and hopelessness. The impact of the hurricane was worse than I expected. “Did the terrible hurricane drive them away from their homes?” I asked curiously. My mom nodded gently and sighed. “Yes, Hector. All these people are from New Orleans. The powerful storm ruined their homes and possessions. Sadly, many of them have lost everything they once owned. For the time being, the stadium works as their temporary home. It is a place for them to stay until it becomes safe enough to return to their own hometowns.” As I kept staring at the TV screen, a little boy immediately caught my eye. He was sitting alone in a quiet corner of the stadium, holding an old, dirty teddy bear tightly in his arms. His pale face was filled with fear and loneliness, as if the worn toy was his only comfort left after the disaster. I seemed to feel his deep sorrow right through the screen. Right then and there, I made up my mind to do something, with that poor little boy as my first concern. 注意： (1) 写作词数应为150左右; (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, my friends and I gathered at our volunteer club. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When we entered the stadium with our gifts, I quickly spotted the shy little boy. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The next day, my friends and I gathered at our volunteer club. I shared with them the heartbreaking scene I saw from the news, especially the poor little boy holding the worn teddy bear. Unexpectedly, all of them had also watched the same report and felt deep sympathy. We soon reached an agreement to gather clothes, food and toys for them. We actively appealed to nearby students and residents around us for donations. Gradually, various donations piled up, which made us full of confidence to offer sincere help. When we entered the stadium with our gifts, I quickly spotted the shy little boy. I walked up to him gently and handed him a brand-new soft teddy bear. He stared at me in surprise before a faint smile spread across his pale face and hugged the gift tightly and gratefully. Later we went around to distribute food and daily necessities to other homeless people in need. Witnessing such warm moments, I deeply understood that a small act of kindness can bring endless warmth and firm hope to those suffering from disasters. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述一场飓风重创沿海城市，无数灾民流离失所、暂住体育场。作者在新闻中看到一名抱着旧泰迪熊、孤独无助的小男孩，心生触动，决心伸出援手帮助灾区人民的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者召集俱乐部好友，讲述所见灾情，众人一同募集衣物、食物和玩具，准备援助灾民。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写作者在体育场找到小男孩，赠送新玩具并分发物资，最终领悟小小善意能为受灾之人带去温暖与希望。 2. 续写线索：集结伙伴——讲述灾情——募集物资——筹备援助——赠送礼物——温暖男孩——分发物资——感悟善意 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①呼吁：appeal to/call on ②拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/astonishment ②感激：gratefully/thankfully 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Gradually, various donations piled up, which made us full of confidence to offer sincere help.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型 2] Witnessing such warm moments, I deeply understood that a small act of kindness can bring endless warmth and firm hope to those suffering from disasters.（运用了现在分词Witnessing作状语和suffering作后置定语以及that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $